LARD TYPE BREEDS OF SWINE 515 



have wide, long rumps ;m<l deep, thick thighs. The rumps, 

 however, are often somewhat droopy. Thickness of ham is 

 a characteristic of this breed. The bone is often light for 

 the weight carried, and the pasterns may be quite sloping. 

 Breeders of Poland- Chinas have almost divided themselves 

 into two groups, one favoring a medium-sized, quick ma- 

 turing pig ; the other, a larger, heavier boned, coarser hog. 

 Unquestionably, this breed has lost much ground among 

 farmers in the middle west, due to over-refinement and 

 small litters. These objections, advocates of the so-called 

 "big type" are endeavoring to overcome. If a combination 

 of scale and quality are present, other things being equal, 

 the large type will usually receive the approval of the 

 judge. Quality must be emphasized. 



SCALE OF POINTS FOR POLAND-CHINA SWINE. 



(Adopted by the National Poland-China Record Association.) 



Points 



Head and face Should be broad, even and smooth between and above 

 the eyes; slightly dished, tapering evenly and gradually to near the 

 end of the nose. Broad lower jaw; head inclined to shortness, but 

 not enough to give appearance of stubby nose. In the males a nias- 



culine appearance and expression '' 



Objections: Head long, narrow between the eyes; nose -uncrcn and 

 coarse; too large at the muzzle or the, head tuo short: not full or 

 high above the, eyes; or too much wrinkled around or ahore the 

 eyes. 



Eyes Full, clear, prominent, expressive 



Objections: Dutt expression, deep set or obscure. Sight impaired by 



wrinkles, fat or other cause. 



Ears Ears attached to the head by a short, firm knuckle, giving free 

 and easy action. Standing up slightly at the base to within .two- 

 thirds of the tip, where a gentle break or drop should occur; in 

 .size neither too large nor too small, but even, fine, thin, leaf shape, 



.slightly inclined outward 



Objections: Large, floppy, straight, upright or coarse; knuckle long, 

 letting the ear drop too close to the head and face, hindering free. 

 use of the ears. 



Neck Short, wide, even, smooth, -wall arched, rounding and full fro::i 

 poll to shoulder, with due regard to the characteristics of the sex 

 Objections: Long, narrow, thin and drooping from the shoulder to tin- 

 poll, with uneven ness canned by wrinkles or creases. 



Jowl Full, broad, deep, smooth and firm, carrying fullness back near to 

 point of shoulders, and below line of lower jaw so that lower line 



will be as low as breast bone when head is carried up level 



Objections: Light, flabby, thin, and n<<-d!/e-*h<i]K-<l, dee/ili/ irrinkl.d. 

 not drooping below line of lower jaw and not carrying 

 back to shoulder and brisket. 



