JUDGING BEEF CATTLE 67 



appear triangular with the base at the muzzle and the top at 

 the line running between the eyes. The openings of the 

 nostrils should be very prominent indicating that there is an 

 abundance of lung capacity. The lower jaw should appear 

 strong and well clothed with muscle. The eyes should be 

 large, somewhat prominent yet placid, indicating a quiet, 

 generous temperament. Quietness and laziness are attributes 

 of the temperament favorable to the process of fattening and 

 we know that animals of lymphatic temperament have both 

 these characteristics. The head should not be long between 

 the eye and the horn and the poll should be somewhat 

 prominent and topped with a mass of wavy hair. A fine 

 texture is desired in the horn and it should be somewhat flat 

 in shape and in no sense coarse. The ear should be neatly 

 attached to the head, .pointed and covered inside and on the 

 edge with a profuse growth of fine, silky hair. 



116. Neck Short, Full. The neck should be short, in 

 fact many well bred steers appear as if they had none. The 

 top line from the base of the poll should run back straight 

 and almost level with the top of the shoulder. The blade of 

 the latter should fit closely to the body with a nice slope so 

 that the animal may have a gay carriage. In steers that are 

 very coarse in the shoulder with the blade standing out from 

 the body, this part is apt to show bare of flesh giving also a 

 marked appearance of shrinkage in the girth just behind the 

 blade. 



117. Chest Wide, Deep, Full. In this region the steer 

 should appear fully developed with the brisket light but yet 

 far enough advanced to fill out the squareness of the frame 

 to the proper degree. It will be found frequently that the 

 narrow chested animal is a poor feeder, which makes but 

 little progress in proportion to the feed that it eats. In 

 addition to the chest being wide it should also be deep. The 

 bottom of it should come down well between the fore legs 

 with no shrinkage behind these as may be noticed frequently 



