JUDGING DAIRY CATTLE 87 



145. Milk Veins Large, Branching. The milk veins are 

 considered important as they indicate the amount of blood 

 that has passed through the udder. In a cow that has 

 recently dropped her calf they should be very prominent and 

 full and branched. The milk wells through which the veins 

 pass into the body of the cow are indicative of the size of 

 the milk veins and consequently they should receive consid- 

 eration, especially when the cow is dry, for at that time the 

 milk veins themselves are not in evidence. 



SCALE OF POINTS FOR DAIRY CATTLE COW. & O 



PL, 

 GENERAL APPEARANCE : 



Form, inclined to be wedge shaped 6 



Quality, hair fine, soft ; skin, mellow, loose, medium 

 thickness; secretion yellow; bone clean, fine. 6 



Temperament, nervous, indicated by lean appearance 



when in milk , 6 



HEAD AND NECK: 



-Muzzle, clean cut ; mouth large ; nostrils large 



Eyes, large, bright, full, mild 



Face, lean, long, quiet expression 



Forehead, broad 



Ears, medium size, yellow inside, fine texture 



Horns, fine texture, waxy 



Neck, fine, medium length, throat clean, light dewlap 



FORE QUARTERS : 



Withers, lean, thin i 



Shoulders, light, oblique 2 



Legs, straight, short ; shank fine 2 



BODY: 



Chest, deep, low, girth large with full fore flank 10 



Barrel, ribs broad, long, wide apart ; large stomach 10 



Back, lean, straight, open jointed 2 



Loin, broad 2 



Navel, large 2 



HIND QUARTERS: 



Hips, far apart, level .- 2 



Rump, long, wide 2 



Pin Bones or Thurls, high, wide apart i I 



Tail, long, slim ; fine hair in switch i 



Thighs, thin, long 4 



Escutcheon, spreading over thighs, extending high and 



wide ; large thigh ovals 2 



Udder, long, attached high and full behind, extending far 

 in front and full, flexible ; quarters even and free from 



fleshiness 20 



