PREFACE TO THE ELEVENTH EDITION. 



IN the preparation of the present edition of Kirkes' Physiology, 

 we have endeavored to maintain its character as a guide for stu- 

 dents, especially at an early period of their career; and, while 

 incorporating new facts and observations which are fairly estab- 

 lished, we have as far as possible omitted the controvertible matters 

 which should only find a place in a complete treatise or in a work of 

 reference. 



A large number of new illustrations have been added, for many 

 of which we are indebted to the courtesy of Dr. Klein, Professor 

 Michael Foster, Professor Schaefer, Dr. Mahomed, Mr. Gant, and 

 Messrs. McMillan, who have been so good as to allow various figures 

 to be copied. Our thanks are also due to Mr. Wm. Lapraik, F.C.S., 

 who has kindly prepared a table of the absorption spectra of the 

 blood and bile, based upon his own observations; as well as to Mr. 

 S. K. Alcock for several careful drawings of microscopical prepara- 

 tions, and for reading several sheets in their passage through the 

 press. 



Mr. Danielsson, of the firm of Lebon & Co., has executed all the 

 new figures to our entire satisfaction ; and for the skill and labor he 

 has expended upon them we are much indebted to him. 



We are desirous also of acknowledging the help we have derived 

 from the following works : Klein's Histology ; M. Foster's Text-Book 

 of Physiology; Pavy's Food and Dietetics; Quain's Anatomy, Yol. 

 II., Ed. ix. ; Wickham Legg's Bile, Jaundice, and Bilious Diseases ; 



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