MANUAL OF THE MOLLUSCA. 



The only known species, P. cordiformis, was discovered by MM. Quoy 

 and Gaimard, on the coast of New Zealand; it exceeds 3 feet in length. 



ELEDONE. (Aristotle.) Leach. 

 Type, E. octopodia, L. 



Suckers forming a single series on each arm ; length 6 to 18 inches. E. 

 moschata emits a musky smell. 



Distr., 2 sp. Coasts of Norway, Britain, and the Mediterranean. 



CIRROTEUTHIS, Eschricht. 1836. 



Etym., cirrus, a filament, and teuthis a cuttle-fish. 



Body with two transverse fins ; arms united by a web, nearly to their 

 tips; suckers in a single row, alternating with cirri. Length 10 inches. 

 Colour violet. The only species (C. Mullen Esch.} inhabits the coast of 

 Greenland. 



PHILONEXIS, D'Orb. 



Etym., philos, an adept in nexis, swimming. 



Type, P. atlanticus, D'Orb. 



Arms free ; suckers in two rows ; mantle supported by two ridges on the 

 funnel. Total length, 1 to 3 inches. 



Distr., 6 sp. Atlantic and Medit. Gregarious in the open sea ; feeding 

 on floating mollusca. 



Sub-genus. Tremoctopus (Chiaje), pi. I., fig. 3. 



Name from two large aquiferous pores (tremata) on the back of the head. 

 Arms partly, or all webbed half-way up. 

 Distr., 2 sp. T. quoyanus and violaceus. Atlantic and Medit. 



SECTION B. DECAPODA. 



Arms 8. Tentacles 2, elongated, cylindrical, with expanded ends. Suckers 

 pedun culated, armed with a horny ring. Mouth surrounded by a buccal 

 membrane, sometimes lobed and funished with suckers. Eyes moveable in 

 their orbits. Body oblong or elongated, always provided with a pair of fins. 

 Funnel usually furnished with an internal valve. Oviduct single. Nidamental 

 gland largely developed. Shell internal ; lodged loosely in the middle of the 

 dorsal aspect of the mantle. 



The arms of the decapods are comparatively shorter than those of the 

 octopods ; the dorsal pair is usually shortest, the ventral longest. The tenta- 

 cles originate within the circle of the arms, between the third and fourth pairs; 

 they are usually much longer than the arms, and in cheiroteuthis are six times 

 as long as the animal itself. They are completely retractile into large sub- 

 ocular pouches in sepia, sepiola, and rossia ; partly retractile in loligo and 

 sepioteuth'is ; non -retractile in cheiroteuthis. They serve to seize prey which 

 may be beyond the reach of the ordinary arms, or to moor the animal in 

 safety during the agitation of a stormy sea. 







