132 MANUAL OP THE MOLLTJSCA. 



hemimitra retusa, Sw., and several others), referred to this genus, have a 

 concentric operculum, like paludina. 



MELANOPSIS, Lam. 



Types, M. buccinoides, M. costata. PL VIII., fig. 30. 



Shell ; body-whirl elongated ; spire short and pointed ; aperture distinctly 

 notched in front ; inner lip callous ; operculum sub -spiral. 



Distr., 20 sp. Spain, Asia Minor, New Zealand. 



Fossil, 25 sp. Eocene . Europe. 



Sub-genus. Pirena, Lam. (faunus, Montf.) P. atra. PL VIII., fig. 31. 

 Spire elongated, many whirled ; outer lip of the adult produced. 



Distr. , 4 sp. ? S. Africa, Madagascar, Ceylon, Philippines. 



FAMILY V. TURRITELLID^. 



Shell tubular, or spiral ; upper part partitioned off ; aperture simple ; 

 operculum horny, many-whirled. 



Animal with a short muzzle ; eyes immersed, at the outer bases of the 

 tentacles ; mantle-margin fringed ; foot very short ; branchial plume single ; 

 tongue armed. 



TURRITELLA, Lam. 



Etym., diminutive of turris, a tower. 



Syn., terebellum, torcula, zaria and eglisia, Gray. 



Type, T. imbricata. PI. IX., fig. 1. 



Shell elongated, many-whirled, spirally striated ; aperture rounded, mar- 

 gin thin ; operculum horny, many -whirled ; with a fimbriated margin. 



Animal with long, subulate tentacles ; eyes slightly prominent ; foot 

 truncated in front, rounded behind, grooved beneath ; branchial plume very 

 long ; lingual ribbon minute ; median teeth hooked, denticulated ; uncini 3, 

 serrulated. Carnivorous ? 



Distr., 50 sp. World- wide. Ranging from the Laminarian Zone to 100 

 fms. W. Indies, U. States, Brit. (1 sp.), Iceland, Medit., W. Africa, China, 

 Australia, W. America. 



Fossil, 170 sp., Neocomian . Brit. &c., S. America, Australia. 



Sub-genera. Proto, Defr., P. cathedralis, PL IX., fig. 3, aperture trun- 

 cated below. 



Mesalia, Gray, M. sulcata (var.) PI. IX., fig. 2. Greenland S. Africa. 



Fossil, Eocene. Brit., France. 



? ACLIS, Loven. 



Etym., A, without, Tcleis, a projection. 

 Syn., alvania, Leach (not Risso). 

 Type, A. perforates, Mont. PL IX., fig. 4. 

 Shell minute, like turritella ; spirally striated ; aperture oval ; 

 prominent ; axis slightly rimate ; operculate. 





