GASTEROPODA. 163 



Tridopsis, Raf. Aperture contracted by tooth -like projections. H. hir- 

 suta, PI. XII. fig. 5. 



Carocolla, Lam. Peristome continuous. H. lapicida, PI. XII. fig. 3. 



Sub-genera. Anastoma, Fischer. (Tomigerus, Spix.) H. globulosa 

 PI. XII. fig. 4. Aperture of adult turned upwards, ringent; 4 sp. Brazil. 

 Hypostoma (Boysii) Albers, is a minute Indian snail, in which the aperture 

 is similarly distorted. Lychnus (Matheroni, Req.) has a similar shell, but 

 no apertural teeth ; 3 sp. occur in the Eocene Tertiary of the S. France. 



Streptaxis, Gray. H. contusa, PI. XII. fig. 6. Sub-globose, lower 

 whirls receding from the axis of the upper ; 24 sp. Brazil, W. Africa, Mas- 

 carene Ids. S. Asia. 



Sag da, Beck. H. epistylium, PI. XII. fig. 7. Imperf orate, globosely 

 conoid, close- whirled, aperture lamellate within, lip sharp ; 3 sp. Jamaica. 



Proserpina (nitida) Guilding. Shell depressed, shining, callous beneath ; 

 aperture toothed inside; peristome sharp. Distr. 6 sp. Jamaica, Cuba, 

 .Mexico. Fossil, Eocene . I. Wight (F. Edwards). 



Helicella, Lam.* Type, H. cellaria, PL XII. fig. 8. Shell thin, de- 

 pressed ; peristome sharp, not reflected. Lingual edge-teeth aculeate. 90 sp. 



Stenopus (cruentatus) Guild. Syn. Nanina (citrina) Gray ; Ariophanta 

 (laevipes, PI. XII. fig. 9) Desm. Shell thin, polished; peristome thin, not 

 reflected. Animal with the tail truncated and glandular, like Arion ; mantle- 

 margin produced, partly covering the shell. Distr. 70 sp. S. Asia and Ids, 

 N. Zealand, Pacific Ids. W. Indies. 



VITRINA, Draparnaud, Glass-snail. 



Type, V. Draparnaldi, PI. XII. fig. 28. Syn. Helicolimax, Per. 



Shell imperforate, very thin, depressed ; spire short, last whirl large ; 

 aperture large, lunate or rounded, columellar margin slightly inflected, peris* 

 tome often membranous. 



Animal elongated, too large for complete retraction into the shell ; tail 

 very short; mantle reflected over the shell-margin, and furnished with a 

 posterior lobe on the right side. Lingual teeth (of type) 100 rows of 75 

 each; marginal teeth with a single, long, recurved apex (Thomson}. Occa- 

 sionally animal-feeders, like the slugs. 



V. Cuvieri and Freycineti (Helicarion Per.) tail longer, more abruptly 

 truncated, with a caudal gland like anon, mantle more developed. 



Distr. 64 sp. Old World, 58; Greenland, 1; Brazil, 5. 



Sub-genera. Daudebardia, Hartm. (Helicophanta, Per.) V. brevipes, 

 PL XII. fig. 29. Shell perforated, horizontally involute ; aperture oblique, 

 ample ; 3 sp. Central Europe. 



Simpulopsis (sulculosa) Beck ; shell succinea-shaped. 5 sp. Brazil. 



* For this group Mr. Gray formerly employed the name Zonites, given originally 

 by Montfort to Helix Algira; in his later works be adopts Helicella. 



