166 MANUAL OF THE MOLLUSCA. 



Syn. Brachypus, Guild. Siphonostoma, Sw. 



Shell cylindrical or pupiform, sometimes sinistral, many- whirled, apex of 

 the adult truncated, aperture round, peristome continuous, expanded. 

 Animal similar to clausilia ; foot short, oral tentacles minute. 

 Distr. 50 sp. W. Indies 35, Mexico 5, Texas 2, S. America 1. 



BALE A, Prideaux. 



Type, B. perversa. PL XII. fig. 21. Syn. Fusulus, Fitz. 



Shell slender, usually sinistral, fusiform, multispiral, aperture ovate ; pe- 

 ristome acute, margins unequal, wall of the aperture with one slight plait ; 

 columella simple. 



Animal snail-like ; teeth 20.20; rows 130 (Thomson). 



Distr. 8 sp. Norway, Hungary, New Granada, Tristan d'Acunha. The 

 British sp. is found, very rarely, in Porto Santo, only on the highest peak, at 

 an elevation of 1,665 feet. (Wollaston.) 



Sub-genus. Megaspira (elatior) Lea. PI. XII. fig. 18. Shell dextral, 

 with the columella transversely plaited. Distr. 1 sp. Brazil. Fossil, 1 sp. 

 Eocene , Rheims. 



TOENATELLINA, Beck. 



Etym. Diminutive (or patronymic termination) of tornatella. 



Type, T. bilamellata, Ant. Syn. Strobilus, Anton. Elasmatina, Petit. 



Shell imperforate, ovate or elongated ; aperture semi-lunar, margins un- 

 equal, disunited ; columella twisted, truncated ; inner lip 1 -plaited. 



Distr. 11 sp. Cuba 1, S. America 2, Juan Fernandez 2, Pacific Ids. 5, 

 N. Zealand 1. 



PAXILLUS, A. Adams. 

 . Type, P. adversus, Ad. Borneo. 



Shell small, pupiform, sinistral, rimate; spire pointed; aperture semi- 

 ovate, ascending on the body- whirl; inner lip spreading, 1 -plaited, outer lip 

 expanded, notched in front. 



CLAUSILIA, Draparnaud. 



Etym. Dimin. of clausum a closed place. Syn. Cochlodina, Fer. 



Eat. C. plicatula, Drap. (=C. Rolphii, Leach). PI. XII. fig. 19. 



Shell fusiform, sinistral; aperture elliptical or pyriform, contracted by 

 lamellae, and closed when adult by a moveable shelly plate (clausium) in the 

 neck. 



Animal with a short, obtuse foot; upper tentacles short, lower very 

 small. C. bidens has 320 rows of 50 teeth; C. nigricans 90 rows of 40 

 teeth each. 



Distr. Above 200 sp. Europe 146, Asia 48, Africa 4, S. America 3. 



Fossil, 20 sp. Eocene . Brit. France. Coal-strata, N. Scotia. (Lyell.) 

 C. maxima, Grat. Miocene, Dax is two inches in length. 



