gilmohe] taxonomic list of plants 63 



Pakmkllvceae 



PAinrF.LTA noHKF.iii Turn. Lichen. • 

 Ch<i" wis!i/e (Dakota). 



USXEACEAE 



USNEA B.\RBATA Hoffm. Liclu'n. 



Ch<i" irU/i/i- (Dakota). 



This lichen and the piecoiling one are by the Dakota used in the 

 same way and given the same name. They were used to make a 

 yeHow dye for porcupine quills: for this purpose the lichens were 

 boiled and the quills dipped in the resulting liquid. 



Eqcisetaceae 



EgriSETrM sp. Horsetail, Scouring Rush, Snakegrass, Joint Rush. 

 *!/«"</( /<M<' shiMhn (Omaha-Ponca). ''to-make-a-bow-smooth " 

 (ma''de, bow; ithiuifttu to smooth: idh-t' carries the idea of pur- 

 pose or use). Designated also shangga irathatc because hoi-ses 

 {shan.g()a) eat it with avidity. 

 Pakarut (Pawnee). 



It was used by these tribes for polishing, as we use sandpaper. 

 Winnebago children sometimes made whistles of the stems, but the 

 older people warned them not to do so lest snakes should come. 



PlNACE.\E CON'IFEKS 



PiMS MUKKAYANA Orog. Com. Lodgepole Pine. 



Wiizi (Dakota). 



While not indigenous to Nebraska, this tree was known and prized 

 for use as tipi poles. The tribes of eastern Nebraska made trips to 

 obtain it in its habitat or traded for it with their western neighbors. 

 JiMPERrs ^^RG^XIANA L. Cedar. 



ILmtt or Utinti ahu (Dakota^ : .</)<?, " red." 



.l/(7<f.r/ (Omaha-Ponca ) . 

 • Tairat!>aako (Pawnee). 



The fruits are known as h<iuh- Uika, "cedar eggs." The fruits 

 and leaves were boiled together and the decoction was used internally 

 for coughs. It was given to hoi-ses also as a ivmedy for coughs. 

 For a cold in the head twigs were burned and the smoke inhaled, the 

 burning twigs and the head being enveloped in a blanket. Because 

 the cedar tree is saci-ed to the mythical thunderbird. his nest being 

 " in the cedar of the western motuitains." cedar boughs were put on 



