GILMOKE] TAXONOMIC LIST OF PLANTS 77 



IIUMULUS AMERICANA Nutt. Hops. 



Char' iijuire (Dakota), but this only means twining, hjuu-e, on a 



tree, cA«". Since its European use in connection witli j-east has 



become laiown to them they call it wahpe onapoKije; u-aKpe, 



" leaves"; oiutpoRye, "to puif np." 



J/aka" skltJve (Omaha-Ponca), "sweet medicine." Since learninjr 



its leavening use it is called in that connection iriuruihiht. 

 The Teton Dakota steeped the fruits to make a drink to allay 

 fevers and intestinal pains. A part of the root down 3 or 4 feet in 

 the ground was called maka^ .skitke., "sweet medicine"; this was 

 chewed and applied to wounds, either alone or in combination with 

 the root of Phijsalh lanccohta, "the crooked medicine," and that of 

 Anemone canadensis, "the little buffalo medicine." 



UliTICACEAE 



Urtica gracilis Ait. Nettle. 



TIaniiga-hi or nuniazhihn-hi (Omaha-Ponca). 



The dried stalks were crumpled in the hands or gently pounded 

 with a stone to free the fiber from the woody part. The fii'st method 

 was more common. The fiber of nettles was used by Nebraska tribes 

 for spinning twine and cordage. Rope of this fiber was generally 

 used to hobble horses. It was also used to weave into clotli. It is 

 said that cloth of this fiber was used in the .Sacred Bundle of the 

 Tent of War. 



Small boys gathered the fiber of this plant to use as wadding for 

 their popguns. 



Polygon ACE AE 



EuMEX CRispus L. Sour Dock. 



Shiakipi { Dakota ) . 



Among the Teton Dakota the green leaves, crushed, were bound 

 on boils to draw out the suppuration. The Omaha boiled the leaves 

 for food as white people do. This plant is naturalized from Europe. 



RuMEX HYMENOSEPALUS Torr. Canaigre. 



Kahts-pirakari or kahU-pilakan (Pawnee), "medicine with many 

 children" (kahtsii, medicine: ptra or pUn. chihlren; /'avi, 

 many), so called because of the sweet-jiotato-like roots clustered 

 at the base of the stem. 

 The plant is found indigenous in sandy slopes of river valleys in 

 the region of the Wichita Mountains of Oklahoma and southwest- 

 ward. Since the allotment of their lands in severalty, the Wichita 

 and Pawnee are bringing this plant into cultivation. The root is 

 used as a remedy for diarrhea. 



