lyg tJSES OF PLANTS BY INDIANS [eth. ann.33 



C'lIENOrODIACEAK 



CiiKNOPODirM ALiuM L. Lamb's-qiiartcF. 



]y„n/»' tot,, (Dakota), "frroens" (wahpe, leaves; tofo, frreen). 



KitsarluK (Pawnt^e). •• preen juice " (kits, from Vitsu, water, juice: 

 IclihiriiiM. fireeii ) . 



This plant is naturalized from Europe, but appears to be so long 

 eslabiislied tliat tlie fact of its introduction seems now unknown to tlie 

 Indians. Amonp the Teton Dakota and the Omaha this jilant, while 

 yoiinj: and tender, was cooked as pottage. A Pawnee informant 

 sail] that it is so used now by the Pawnee, not in former times. It 

 was used in old times by the Pawnee for painting bows and arrows 

 green. 



XvCTAOIXACEAE 



.Vr.i.ioNTA NYfTAGiNEA Miclix. Wild l"\)ur-o'clock. 



Poiple (Dakota). 



Maka"-w(Uiek (Omaha-Ponca). "'strong medicine" {m(ika\ medi- 

 cine; irasek, strong). 



Kahtstakat (Pawnee), "yellow medicine" (kahts, from kahtsu, 

 medicine; titku/, yellow). 



T?v the Teton Dakota the root was boiled to make a decoction to 

 drink in case of fever. Together with roots of Echinacea angusti- 

 folia it was boiled to make a vermifuge. The prescription for this 

 purpose required the drinking of it four nights at bedtime, after 

 which, at the ne.xt evacuation, the worms would be voided. My in- 

 foiiuant. Fast Morse, of the Oglala tribe, said, "If one has a big 

 worm [tape worm?], it comes away, too." Eoots of Allionia and 

 /''chiii/icea were also boiled together to make a remedy for swellings 

 of arms or legs. When ap])lied, this must always be rubbed down- 

 ward on the affected ])arts to redu('e the swelling. Among the Ponka 

 tlie root was used as a remedy for wounds, for this purpose being 

 chewed and blown into them. Among the Pawnee the dried root, 

 ground fine, was applied dry as a remedy for sore moutli in babies. 

 A decoction of the root was drunk by women after childbirth to 

 reduce abdominal swelling. 



P I ITTOLACCACEAE 



Piivi(tLA('( A AMEitiCAXA L. Pokeberry, Tnkberry, Eedweed. 



'i"he [)lant seems to be unknown to the Omaha, Ponca, and Dakota, 

 and known only in recent times to the Oto and Pawnee. It is a 

 late introduction from the Eastern States and is reported only from 

 the extreme southeastern part of the State. It is rather commcn in 

 Oklahoma, whither the Oto, the Pawnee, and most of the Ponca 

 have been removed. So far as I was able to learn, thev have there 



