SAND COLIC. 423 



In twist of the large intestine, Mr. J. G. Rutherford (" Proceed- 

 ings of the Veterinary Association of Manitoba"), who is Chief 

 Veterinary Inspector of Canada, has often had successful results 

 by allowing the animal perfect freedom to roll, and by giving 

 enemas of large quantities of luke-warm water, while keeping the 

 animal's hind quarters raised eight or ten inches higher than his 

 forehand, so as to help the water to penetrate well forward into 

 the bowel. He prefers Gamgee's enema funnel to a pump or 

 syringe for this work. 



Yelkmann and Moller advise passing the hand into the rectum 

 and trying to undo the twist, after giving an enema (see Moller' s 

 " Surgery," translated by Dollar), 



Nothing can be done for twist of the small intestine, in which 

 the symptoms are similar to those of twist of the colon, except as 

 regards the condition of the bowel, which, in twist of the colon, 

 can be felt by passing the hand into the rectum. 



Inflammation from Eating Sand (Sa?id Colic). 



When horses are bedded down with sea sand, or with river sand 

 which contains saline matters, they are very apt to eat large quan- 

 tities of it, and consequently to suffer from, a very dangerous form 

 of inflammation of the intestines. Many instances are on record 

 of troop horses having become thus affected after having been 

 picketed on sand. Inflammation may also be brought on by the 

 presence of irritating materials in the food. " In the death-reports 

 it is constantly remarked what large amounts of gravel and indi- 

 gestible rootlets are found in the intestines, which have been intro- 

 duced with the grain and grass'' ("Veterinary Returns of the 

 Madras Army "). 



Vederniikoff, who describes this complaint under the name of 

 " Kumgata disease " (sand disease), states that it occurs among the 

 horses of the Kirgis steppes. 



In some cases, morbid appetite may account for the propensity. 

 A certain proportion of healthy horses will always — particularly, 

 if they have not had a free supply of salt — eat sea sand when bedded 

 down with it. The precautions to be observed are obvious. 



Horses have been known to eat, with, naturally, fatal results, 

 quantities of 80 lbs. and upwards of sand. 



The SYMPTOMS are intense colicky pains, and the passage of 

 sand, etc., with the dung. 



The usual TREATMENT consists in keeping the animal on mashes 

 a,nd boiled food, through which about four ounces of linseed oil 



