SUKRA. 455 



may be dissolved in a pint of warm water. This dose must be 

 given at least three times a day, and continued. It is rare that it 

 requires to be given after the second day. Six doses given at 

 proper intervals are generally enough, but more may be necessary. 

 Do not give purgative medicine, especially aloes, no matter how 

 constipated the bowels are. Put a tablespoonful of sulphate of 

 soda in the drinking water, twice a day, and give frequent injections 

 of soap and warm water to assist in moving the bowels, but avoid 

 purging. The bowels will begin to act as soon as recovery com- 

 mences." Mr. Hutcheon also advises careful nursing, attention to 

 sanitary rules, and green food. 



Mr. Hoggan found the most successful treatment was a solution 

 of Jib. Epsom salts and Joz. of ammonium chloride (sal-ammoniac), 

 given twice daily for two or three days, and followed by vegetable 

 tonics. 



Mr. Lund, after unsuccessfully trying many drugs, had extremely 

 good results with the intra-venous injection (p. 636) of 2 grains of 

 biniodide of mercury dissolved in water. 



Surra ( Trypa?iosomatosis). 



DEFINITION AND CHARACTEIl.— Surra {Eind. rotten) is a 

 specific fever which runs an alternating course of exacerbations 

 (paroxysms) and intervals of comparative freedom from the symp- 

 toms ; the former varying from about three to ten days according 

 to the severity of the attack ; the latter being somewhat shorter. 

 The alternate occurrence of these paroxysms and intermissions is 

 the chief feature of this disease. Up to the present, surra has been 

 invariably fatal, except in favourable cases which have been treated 

 according to Dr. Lingard's method (p. 459). 



SYMPTOMS. — The two chief symptoms are progressive anaemia 

 (poverty of blood), and high temperature (say, 105° F., with a 

 variation of two or three degrees either way) during the exacer- 

 bations. Nariman remarks that the pulse is frequent and soft, 

 and the breathing quick and so liable to become distressed from 

 slight exertion, that such distress is often the first symptom which 

 attracts the owner's notice. The mucous membranes become pale 

 and subsequently yellow. The appetite generally is excessive and 

 depraved, and grain is usually rejected for grass, of which large 

 quantities are greedily consumed ; in fact, Lingard points out that 

 a ravenous appetite is almost always a characteristic symptom 

 of surra. From the first, the animal is dull and his move- 

 ments languid. There is great loss of condition and in- 



