GLANDEES. 489 



When this complaint breaks out, it almost invariably does so 

 during the cold months of the year. Unhealthy surroundings do 

 not appear to influence its spread in any way. 



The death-rate, according to Hartenstein, is about 90 per cent. 

 The attack, in fatal cases, usually runs its course within a week, 

 not counting relapses. 



POST-MORTEM APPEARANCES.— Owing to the course of the inflam- 

 mation, the brain and the .spinal cord, close to it, are filled with a watery 

 exudation more or less mixed with pus, and sometimes with blood. The blood- 

 vessels of the part are greatly congested. 



TREATMENT. — If possible, we should place the animal in slings 

 without delay; in order, by gravitation, to relieve to some extent 

 the congestion of the brain and spinal cord. " Unless the patient 

 is slung wdthin twenty-four hours from time of attack, there is but 

 slight hope for a recovery" {Lyman). We may give a mild dose 

 of aloes, and a couple of drachms of belladonna, once or twice in 

 the day, or inject atropine (p. 601), subcutaneously (p. 633) ; and 

 we may apply bags of pounded ice to the spine. Up to the present, 

 medicine does not appear to have any very well-marked power in 

 controllins: the effects of this disease. Johne advises subcutaneous 

 injections of 10 grains of the hydrochlorate of pilocarpine. 



Glanders and Farcy. 



DESCRIPTION. — Glanders and farcy are different forms of a 

 disease wdiich is caused by the entrance into the body of a par- 

 ticular kind of disease germ (bacillus mallei). The malady is 

 called " glanders," when it is principally confined to the lungs and 

 air-passages (bronchial tubes, windpipe, nostrils, etc.), as will be 

 manifested by discharge from the nose, swelling of one or more of 

 the glands which are between the angles of the lower jaw, and 

 ulceration of the mucous membrane which lines the nostrils. If, 

 however, the presence of the disease is chiefly shown in the skin 

 and tissues immediately underneath it, it is termed " farcy." When 

 the symptoms of both forms are developed in the same animal, the 

 sufferer is said to be glandered and farcied. A glandered animal 

 is liable to communicate farcy, glanders, or both; and vice versa. 

 If the disease begins only with symptoms of farcy, the lung symp- 

 toms will in time become apparent, supposing that the complaint 

 be allowed to run its course. For convenience sake, the word 

 " glanders" is used as a general term for this disease, whatever the 

 symptoms may be. 



Mr. Hunting ("Vet. Record," 6th Sept. 1902), gives the follow- 



