490 GENERAL DISEASES. 



ing table of symptoms in 1,000 cases of glanders which occurred 

 in London, in 190L 



Farcy, swellings, buds or ulcers ... ... 414 cases 



Farcy and enlarg-ed sub-maxillary glands... 54 ,, 

 Farcy with nasal discharge, ulceration and 



enlarged glands ... ... ... ... 12 „ 



Hence we may conclude that symptoms of farcy are present in 

 about half the number of cases of glanders. 



VARIETIES. — Both glanders and farcy are respectively divided 

 into acute and chronic forms, according as their development is 

 rapid or slow. 



GENERAL SYMPTOMS OF GLANDERS.— The characterisic 

 sign of glanders is the formation of nodules, which are sometimes 

 scattered; at other times, clustered together. They suffer de- 

 generation, and form abscesses of varying size, and, generally, 

 contain pus (matter). In acute glanders, these nodules or tu- 

 bercles, which are about the size of small shot, are seen in the 

 mucous membrane which lines the nostrils, chiefly, as a rule, on the 

 partition (septum nasi) that divides the nostrils one from another. 

 They " appear as projections on an elevated and injected base or 

 background, and are rendered visible by the white or yellowish- 

 white centre. This centre is surrounded by a greyish transparent 

 zone, which again is encircled by a red areola " {Robertson). In a 

 few days these nodules soften, form abscesses, burst, and leave 

 ulcers, which resemble in appearance hard syphilitic chancres, 

 having hard, dug-out edges. These ulcers show no disposition to 

 heal, but run into each other, and extend superficially as well as 

 deeply. The abscesses, probably, first appear in the lungs, then, 

 in the various air-passages, in the sinuses of the head, and also 

 in the various internal organs, muscles, etc. Owing to their 

 presence, the affected animal suffers from the so-called bronchitis 

 and pneumonia of glanders. A thin discharge issues from one or 

 both nostrils. At first, it resembles that of ordinary cold ; it then 

 assumes a sticky or starchy character, and soon becomes mixed 

 with pus and blood, on account of the bursting of the abscesses. 

 The lining membrane of the nostrils becomes much inflamed and 

 assumes a purple or coppery hue. The glands and lymphatic vessels 

 of the head become swollen, especially the lymphatic (submaxillary) 

 glands which lie in the hollow between the angles of the branches 

 of the lower jaw. In chronic glanders, one or both of these glands 

 become firmly adherent to the jaw. In the acute form, however, 



