CRIE-BITING. 



557 



of the branches of the jaw, and in exceptional cases by the throat 

 just below the larynx " (Gadeac). 



When the cribber has obtained his required support, he will 

 take air into his partly-opened mouth, and having drawn in his 

 chin towards his breast, and arched his neck, he will make a con- 

 vulsive effort to swallow the mouthful of air; and at the same time 

 will, as before said, emit a characteristic grunt. By drawing his 

 tongue backwards and upwards, he will raise the soft palate, and 

 will close the air-passage which leads into the nostrils, and will 

 also close the entrance into the windpipe. 



" The windsucker, generally, begins by backing away from the 



Fig. 147. — Side view of the incisorlteetii of a crib-bilcr, 30 years old (same 



as shown in Fig. 148). 



manger; poking his nose out; sucking air into his mouth, as may 

 be seen by the forward and backward movements of his lips, which 

 he sometimes smacks together, or rolls them from one side to the 

 other as if he was trying to form in his mouth a bolus of food in 

 order to swallow it. At the same time, he places his tongue 

 against his palate. He may stop at this point, in which case his 

 effort will end only in the swallowing of saliva, which does not 

 satisfy him " {Cadeac). In well-developed cases, he draws in his 

 chin towards his breast, arches his neck, and violently contracts the 

 muscles of deglutition in the same manner as the cribber, in his 

 effort to swallow the mouthful of air, which, on account of its ex- 



