MALLEIN. 



619 



enabled him by the mere pressure of the fingers to see at once 

 that a horse had been recently malleined" (Hunting). 



CURATIVE EFFECT OF MALLEIN ON GLANDERS.— As one 

 out of many similar instances, Nocard (" Journal of Comp. Path." 

 Dec, 1897) relates that he superintended the testing by mallein 

 of 10,231 horses belonging to the Compagnie General des Voitures 

 de Paris, and that 2,037 reacted, out of which 687 became affected 

 with outward symptoms, and were slaughtered. Post-mortem ex- 

 aminations were made on a large number of those which had ceased 

 to react and which were subsequently cast, owing to old age, un- 

 soundness, or accident; the result being that all the tubercles 

 found in their lungs were fibrous or calcareous. He also proved 

 by inoculation that none of these nodules contained living bacilli 

 of glanders. Consequently he was fully justified in considering that 

 all these animals had recovered. 



As glanders was found among the horses (4,439 in number) of 

 the Glasgow CoiTDoration Tramways, in 1899, the mallein test was 

 applied to them, and 278 reacted. These suspected animals were 

 tested monthly, with the following results 



All the horses which had failed to react to the third test continued, 

 apparently, in perfect health. Of those which had reacted to the 

 first three tests, one became clinically affected after the third 

 test, one after the fifth, and one after the sixth; and these three 

 animals with outward symptoms were destroyed. Post-mortem 

 examination showed that glanders was fully developed in them. 

 For purposes of demonstration, two animals which had reacted 

 once, three twice, one three times, and one which had reacted four 

 times were killed and their bodies examined. The reports by Mr, 

 T. B. Hamilton, Dr. Buchanan, and Professor McFadyean on these 

 seven horses showed that they had been previously affected with 

 glanders, but that they were free from the disease at the time of 

 slaughter. 



Mr. Hunting ('' Veterinary Record ") informs us that experiments 

 in London show that 50 per cent, of horses which have reacted to 

 mallein, but which have manifested no outward symptoms of 

 glanders, recover^ 



