GLANDERS AND FARCY. 67 



which he grazed the back of his hand against a sharp molar tooth; 

 in a few days the young mare and the owner both developed all 

 the signs of acute glanders; in six weeks the owner after a most 

 painful illness died: the old horse meanwhile developed a. suspic- 

 ious cough, and as the young mare died shortly after her master, 

 it was suggested that probably the older horse was the origin of 

 the outbreak, and he was accordingly slaughtered; there was no 

 evidence of the disease in any part of his body except the lungs, 

 and these to the pathologist were a sight to wonder at, this case 

 furnishes a description of one kind of chronic glanders occasion- 

 ally met with: the more common cases are those in which the 

 animal presents an unthrifty looking coat, whose appetite is 

 capricious and uncertain; that one day appears fairly bright and 

 well while on another it is depressed and indolent; the glands 

 between the jaws are ver}^ hard, much enlarged and adherent to 

 the jaw bones, not necessarily very tender, but generally rather 

 so; there may or may not be a discharge from the nose and one or 

 more ulcers may be developed rather high up in the nasal chamber, 

 left side for preference, but the lining membrane of the nose 

 almost always displays that very significant blue or rather slate 

 color; with regard to the discharge from tha nostrils and the char- 

 acter of such discharge it is necessary to be observant, otherwise a 

 case of. nasal catarrh or ozoena may be mistaken for glanders; the 

 discharge varies in character as the disease progresses, being first 

 rather thick and viscid, from which it changes to a decidedly 

 purulent discharge not unfrequently mixed with a little blood, or 

 it may still alter its character by assuming a very green color; it 

 is quite true that under the worst conditions the character of the 

 nasai discharge cannot be accepted as positive evidence of the 

 presence of glanders virus, but it is certainly very suggestive and 

 serves as a very good indication for the adoption of the Mallein 

 test; there is probably no more correct indication of the presence 

 of chronic glanders than the up and down variations of the in- 

 ternal body temperature; if the horse appears dull and unwell and 

 the temperature be taken regularly two or three times a day for 

 three weeks consecutively, considerable variations will be reg- 

 istered; one day the thermometer will stand at 104 degrees, an- 

 other loi degrees, yet again to 104 degrees, then fall to 103 

 degrees, and again to 100.5 degrees, and so on from one day to 



