INFLAMMATION OF KIDNEYS. 219 



give rise to renal congestion, namely, external violence and conse- 

 quent injuries to the renal organs, when, as a rule. Arnica 2 x will 

 be found most suitable, and the internal administration of this drug 

 may very usefully be combined with an outward application of a 

 lotion of the same 1-6 applied as a compress. In all cases where 

 the patient exhibits symptoms of great pain by uneasiness and 

 unwillingness to rest, warm compresses should be applied by 

 wringing out flannel dipped in boiling water, apply same when at 

 all bearable, cover with oil skin, and over that again a thick horse 

 cloth. 



INFLAMMATION OF KIDNEYS. 



NEPHRITIS. 



Like some other organs of complex structure, the kidneys may 

 be the seat of inflammation as a whole — certain!}' a rare occur- 

 rence in the horse — or as is more common, one portion of their 

 structure is in a state of inflammation, while the other may be 

 entirely free from the influence of inflammatory products; while 

 it is common practice among laymen to speak of inflammation of 

 the kidneys in a general sort of way as though one form and one 

 only existed, it is desirable for the sake of successful treatment to 

 endeavor to make it clear that a distinction exists, what that dis- 

 tinction is and how it may be discovered. Already an attempt, 

 though a very crude one, has been made to explain something of 

 the anatomical structure of a kidney, and we got so far as to show 

 that this organ consisted mainly of tubes of varying size and con- 

 figuration, arranged in bundles, and that as well as the tubes 

 their structure consisted also of various shades and sizes of blood 

 vessels; now it will no doubt appear quite feasible — indeed abso- 

 lutely necessary — that some sort of support should be supplied to 

 keep these tubes and blood vessels in place, and so there is a 

 fibrous network cunningly introduced between the interstices of 

 the tubes described as ''connective tissue,'" the whole being en- 

 closed and kept in shape by a beautifully fine membrane called 

 the capsule. Not to burden the reader with an unnecessarily long 

 explanation we shall divide the possible inflammatory conditions 

 of the kidney into two groups; first — inflammation of the tubes or 



