PBEFACE. 



THE present work was written to supply the wants of the 

 Students attending the course of " Practical Physiology " in The 

 Owens College, but it is hoped that it will be found useful also 

 to students of Medicine and Science in other Colleges and 

 Universities. 



This course was instituted by my predecessor, Dr. Arthur 

 Gamgee, and extended by him and the late Mr. W. H. Waters, 

 M. A. Mr. Waters himself intended to write a short Manual for 

 the guidance of the members of this class, but he was struck 

 down, to the sincere regret of many of us, before he could 

 accomplish his purpose. The experiments herein described are 

 performed by every member of the class, and they are practically 

 a repetition of some of those which I am in the habit of showing 

 to illustrate my lectures on Physiology. It will be seen that 

 much of the apparatus is of a simple character. Of course, 

 no experiments are given which involve the infliction of pain 

 upon living animals. 



A considerable portion of the chemical part was in print 

 several years ago, although in a somewhat different form. In 

 the preparation of the experimental part, however, I have had 

 the advantage of knowing the system and methods that were 

 followed by Dr. Gamgee and Mr. Waters. 



In arranging the experiments, the following works have 

 afforded me much valuable information : Dr. A. Gamgee's 

 Physiological Chemistry, The Handbook for the Physiological 

 Laboratory, Practical Exercises on Physiology by Professor 

 Burdon-Sanderson, Practical Physiology by Professor Foster 

 and Mr. Langley, Professor Grainger Stewart's Lectures on 



