URINARY DEPOSITS. 127 



(iii.) Specific Gravity of the mixed urine (if above 1030, test 

 for sugar). 



(iv.) Reaction (normally slightly acid ; if alkaline, is the alkali 

 volatile or fixed ?). 



(v.) Heat. 



(a.) If a turbid urine becomes clear = urates. 



(b.) If it becomes turbid = earthy phosphates or albumin. 

 Albumin is precipitated before the boiling point is reached 

 (70 C.), whilst phosphates are thrown down about the 

 boiling point. It is necessary, however, to add HNO 3 , 

 which will dissolve the phosphates, but not the albumin. 

 A case may occur where both urates and albumin are pre- 

 sent ; on carefully heating, the urine will first become clear 

 (urates), and then turbid, which turbidity will not disappear 

 on adding HNO 3 (albumin). Estimate approximately the 

 amount of albumin present. 



(vi.) Test for Chlorides, with HNO 3 and AgNO 3 (if albumin 

 be present, it must be removed by boiling and filtration). 



(vii.) If sugar be suspected, test for sugar (Moore's, Trommer's, 

 or Fehling's test), and if albumin be present, remove it. 



(viii.) Make naked-eye, microscopic, and chemical examinations 

 of the sediment. 



APPENDIX. 

 Exercises on the foregoing. 



A. The student must practise the analysis of fluids containing 

 one or more of the substances referred to in the foregoing 

 Lessons. 



Suppose the solution contains one or more of the following 

 Blood, bile, urea, uric acid, or ferments, proceed as follows : 



