YAWS 215 



their wives, and labour of a suitable kind should be pro- 

 vided for women as well as men, even if it is not directly 

 remunerative to the employer. Under any circumstances 

 the immigrant system usually results in a larger or 

 smaller proportion of the men becoming infected, and 

 these, having earned a considerable supply of money, 

 often disseminate the disease on their return to their 

 native villages. The disease is then propagated in the 

 same manner, and unless the human carriers of the disease 

 are isolated or segregated reliance is only to be placed on 

 personal prophylaxis. 



Regular inspection of men as well as women, and 

 detention and treatment until the most infective stage is 

 passed, will greatly reduce the prevalence of the disease. 



Legislation and increased powers in dealing with such 

 cases are much to be desired. 



A warning is necessary to missionaries and others as 

 to interference with native customs too quickly. Amongst 

 most natives, women are jealously guarded and their 

 movements restricted in many ways. This condition is 

 sometimes considered by Europeans as " slavery." An 

 unfortunate result of too speedy liberation from their 

 accustomed restraints is a great increase in the amount of 

 promiscuous intercourse and the rapid spread of syphilis 

 and other venereal diseases. 



OTHER GRANULOMATA. 



Amongst the large class of diseases known as infective 

 granulomata, two of the purely tropical ones are asso- 

 ciated with the presence of spirochaeta, yaws and granu- 

 loma pudendi. But similar organisms have been found 

 in many forms of ulcers. 



YAWS. 



Yaws (Frambcesia tropica). Native names : Puru 

 (Malay), Coko (Fijian), Paranghi (Ceylon), &c. This 

 disease is characterized by the appearance of successive 

 crops of raised granulomatous nodules covered with thin 



