184 PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY 



In a gamosepalous calyx, when the union of sepals is incomplete, 

 the united portion is called the tube, the free portion, the limb, the 

 orifice of the tube, the throat. 



In form the calyx may be regular or irregular; regular, if its parts 

 are evenly developed, and irregular if its parts differ in size and 

 shape. The more common forms are tubular, resembling a tube; 

 rotate, or wheel-shape; campanula te, or bell-shaped; urceolate or 

 urn-shape; hypocrateriform, or salver-shape; bilabiate, or two- 

 lipped; corresponding to the different forms of corolla, under which 

 examples illustrating each will be given. 



The calyx usually remains after the corolla and stamens have 

 fallen, sometimes even until the fruit matures in either case it is 

 said to be persistent. If it falls with the corolla and stamens, it is 

 deciduous, and if when the flower opens, caducous, as in the Poppy 

 and May-apple. It often more or less envelops the ovary or base of 

 the pistil, and it is important, in plant analysis, to note the presence 

 or absence of such a condition, which is indicated in a description by 

 the terms inferior, or non-adherent (hypogynous), when free from 

 the ovary and inserted upon the receptacle beneath it (the most 

 simple and primitive position) ; half-superior, or half-adherent (peri- 

 gynous), when it partially envelops the ovary, as in the Cherry; 

 superior or adherent (epigynous), when it completely envelops it, 

 as in the Colocynth, etc. 



Sepaline Spurs. Occasionally some or all of the sepals may 

 become pouched and at length spurred as nectar receptacles or as 

 receptacles for other parts that are nectariferous. Thus, in Cru- 

 ciferce we occasionally see a slight pouching of the two lateral sepals. 

 These act as nectar pouches for the nectar secreted by the knobs or 

 girdles surrounding the short lateral stamens. These become deep 

 pouches in Lunaria while in others the pouches become elongated 

 spurs. - Again, in Delphinium, the posterior sepal forms an elongated 

 spur into which pass the two spurred nectariferous petals. In 

 Aconitumthe same sepal, instead of being spurred, forms an enlarged 

 hood-like body (galea) arching over the flower like a helmet; into 

 this pass the two hammer-shaped nectariferous petals. 



Sepaline Stipules. These structures are well developed and easily 

 traceable in the more primitive herbaceous members of the Rose 



