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PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY 



creeping underground (Polygonatum), or, swelling up and forming 

 bulbs (Hyacinth), or corms (Colchicum), or, stem may elongate 

 above ground and become wiry and herbaceous or semi-shrubby as 

 Smilax, or the stem may remain short giving rise to thick fleshy and 

 sap-storing leaves as in Aloe. Leaves linear to lanceolate, ovate 

 rarely wider, divisible into sheathing base, narrow petiole and ex- 



B 



PIG. 167. Diagram of A, lily flower, and B, grass flower, showing homologous 

 structures. A, f, bract; ax, axis; op, outer perianth; ip, inner perianth; s, sta- 

 mens; (c) tricarpellary ovary. B, shaded structures are aborted; le, lemma 

 (bract); ax, axis; p and p f , palet (outer perianth); / and I', lodicules (inner peri- 

 anth); ^ and s', two whorls of stamens; c, tricarpellary ovary. (A, Robbins. B, 

 after Shuster.) 



panded blade. Venation, parallel, becoming in some ovate leaves 

 parallel with oblique connections, reticulate or highly reticulate as 

 in Smilax, etc. The perianth is parted into six segments, the calyx 

 and corolla being alike in color. Anthers introrse. Ovary three- 

 locular with a single style. Fruit a three-Jocular, loculicidally de- 

 hiscent capsule (Lilium, etc.) or rarely a berry (Asparagus, etc.). 

 Seeds usually numerous, albuminous. 



