TAXONOMY 363 



Tiliacea or Linden Family. Shrubs or trees, rarely herbs, having 

 stellate hairs on both stems and leaves. Leaves alternate, pinnately 

 more rarely palmately veined, stipulate. Inflorescence cymose. 

 Flo wets hermaphrodite, more rarely, by absorption, more or less 

 diclinous; sepals and petals five each, more rarely four, sepals de- 

 ciduous; stamens five opposite the petals or, as in Sterculiacea, 

 five phalanges of stamens representing subdivided stamens (Tilia), 

 pistil of ten to five or two syncarpous carpels; ovary superior. 

 Fruit either a nut-like drupe or drupe, rarely baccate. 



Unofficial drug Part used Botanical origin Habitat 



Tilia Inflorescence Tilia species United States and 



Europe 



Malvaceae or Mallow Family. Herbs in temperate regions (Malva 

 rotundifolia, Althcea officinalis, etc.), occasionally shrubs in temperate 

 regions (Hibiscus Syriacus, etc.), frequently shrubs or tall trees in 

 the tropics. Stems, as in Sterculiaceoe and Tiliaceoe, sometimes 

 forming numerous layers of hard and soft bast. Leaves alternate 

 and stipulate, ovate, ovate-cordate, orbicular or palmately com- 

 pound; venation pinnate or palmate. Stems, roots and leaves con- 

 tain mucilage cells. Inflorescence a raceme or fascicle of cymes. 

 Flowers regular, pentamerous; calyx green, of five aposepalous sepals 

 but frequently surrounded outside by an epicalyx. Both calyx and 

 epicalyx are persistent. Corolla of five petals varying in color which 

 are more or less fused with stamens at their bases; stamens mon-adel- 

 phous and forming an upright column enclosing the styles; anthers 

 one-celled, dehiscing transversely; pollen grains echinate; pistil 

 loosely or strongly syncarpous, rarely sub-apocarpous of thirty to 

 five carpels. Fruit either a set of cocci, follicles or a capsule (Gos- 

 sypium). Seeds albuminous with oily and mucilaginous albumen. 



