366 PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY 



XIX. Order Parietales (Ovaries of flower have parietal placen- 

 tas.) Theacea or Tea Family (Ternslr(zmiace(z,Cammeliace(e). Ever- 

 green shrubs or low branching or tall, often heavy trees with watery 

 juice. Leaves for the most part alternate, evergreen, often leathery, 

 sometimes membranous; stipuleS either bud scales and caducous 

 or often absent; leaf margins sinuate or serrate (Thea). Inflores- 

 cence a raceme becoming by condensation terminal, one-flowered. 

 Flowers regular, perfect, pentamerous; sepals five, rarely four to 

 three, deciduous, occasionally subtended by bract^olar scales; petals 

 five, brittle and succulent varying from greenish-white or greenish- 

 yellow through yellow to white or, from whitish pink to pink, scarlet, 

 crimson, very rarely a tendency toward purple; stamens typically 

 five but, as they grow, they subdivide into staminal leaflets, so that 

 in their mature condition they are apparently^ indefinite and mono- 

 to polyadelphous; stamens inserted hypogynously or perigynously 

 and opposite the petals; pistil of typically five syncarpous carpels but 

 reduced in some species to four to three or two. Fruit usually a cap- 

 sule (Thea), five- to three-celled, dehiscing longitudinally, more 

 rarely a fleshy, semi-baccate, semi-drupaceous indehiscent fruit. 

 Seeds with scanty or no albumen and often attached to inner angle 

 of cells by projecting spongy placentae. 



Official drug Part used Botanical origin Habitat 



Caffeina Feebly basic Thea sinensis Eastern Asia 



substance 

 Unofficial 



Thea Leaves Thea sinensis var. Eastern Asia 



Bohea and vifidis 



Guttiferce or Gamboge Family. Tropical trees (Garcinia), rarely 

 shrubs, containing resinous principles in resin canals found in 

 cortex and pith. Leaves opposite, coriaceous. Flowers dioecious, 

 generally pentamerous or tetramerous with usually five stamens 

 which are subdivided. Fruit a berry (Garcinia Hanburyi), drupe 

 or capsule. Seeds generally large; embryo large to huge, often 

 with enlarged radicle and reduced or absorbed cotyledons. 



Official drug Part used Botanical origin Habitat 



Malabar coast 



Cambogia Gum resin Garcinia Hanburyi 



1 and Travancore 



