368 PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY 



or free. Pistil of usually 35 carpels with 3-5 celled compound 

 ovary and as many filiform styles as carpels. Fruit a capsule 

 with usually septicidal dehiscence (Hypericum) or a berry. Seeds 

 small, numerous, anatropous and exalbuminous. 



Unofficial drug Part used Botanical origin Habitat 



Hypericum Entire plant Hypericum perforatum Europe 



Canellacece Family. Trees the bark of which contains aromatic 

 principles. Leaves alternate, pellucid-punctate. Flowers regular, 

 golden-yellow, and arranged in terminal or axillary cymes. Fruit 

 a berry containing two to many seeds with oily and 'fleshy albumen. 



Official drug Part used Botanical origin Habitat 



Florida and West 



Canella N.F. Inner bark Canella Winterana , T ,. 



I Indies 



Bixacece Family. Tropical shrubs or trees. Leaves alternate, 

 simple with minute or no stipules. Flowers hermaphrodite or uni- 

 sexual, regular-, stamens hypogynous, mostly indefinite with anthers 

 opening by slits, rarely by one or two apical pores (Bixa). Fruit 

 fleshy or dry. Seeds with fleshy albumen and sometimes covered 

 with a fleshy arillus (Bixa Orellana). 



Unofficial drug Part used Botanical origin Habitat 



, . T /-k 11 / Tropical America 



Annatto Coloring matter Bixa Orellana < 



I and Madagascar 



Chaulmoogra oil Fixed oil from Gynocardia odorata India 

 seeds 



Violacece or Violet Family. Herbs or shrub. Stems upright, 

 rarely creeping, spreading or acaulescent. Leaves either cauline or 

 radical, stipulate, alternate, simple to pinnatifid or palmate. 

 Flowers pentamerous, regular or irregular (Viola). Fruit a loculi- 

 cidally dehiscent capsule (Viola) rarely baccate. Seeds albuminous. 



Unofficial drug Part used Botanical origin Habitat 



Viola Entire herb Viola tricolor Temperate regions 



Turneracea or Damiana Family. Tropical herbs, shrubs or 

 trees. Leaves alternate, simple, petioled, exstipulate. Flowers 

 perfect, regular, axillary, pentamerous with one-celled ovary. Fruit 



