PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY 



lia marilandica) , sometimes a berry (Strychnos Nux Vomica) or 

 drupe. Seeds numerous or solitary, sometimes winged. 



Official drug 



Part used 



Botanical origin 



Habitat 



Strychnos Nux East Indies 



Vomica 

 Gelsemium Southern United 



sempervirens States 



Spigelia marilandica Southern United 



States 

 Strychnos Ignatii Philippine Islands 



Gentianacece or Gentian Family. Herbs often low-growing. Roots 

 and short stems sometimes more or less thickened (Gentiana lutea). 

 Leaves opposite, decussate, entire, exstipulate. Inflorescence cy- 

 mose (Gentiana lutea) or condensing to a single, solitary, terminal 

 flower (Gentiana verna, G. acaulis, etc.) Flowers regular, perfect, 

 pentamerous or tetramerous, sepals five to four, green, more or less 

 synsepalous, not infrequently everted or reflexed, corolla of five, 

 rarely four petals, more or less synpetalous, in shape passing from 

 open-stellate, as in Gentiana lutea, through many stages of connation 

 to long- tubed, as in Gentiana acaulis; stamens five, epipetalous; 

 pistil bicarpellate; ovary one-celled or incompletely two-celled; style 

 more or less elongated with bilobed to divided stigma. Fruit a 

 capsule. Seeds albuminous. 



Official drug 

 Gentiana 



Chirata N.F. 

 Menyanthes N.F. 



Part used 

 Rhizome and 

 roots 



Entire plant 

 Leaves 



Centaurium N.F. Flowering plant 



Unofficial 



Sabbatia 



Herb 



Botanical origin 

 Gentiana lutea 



Swertia Chirayita 

 Menyanthes 



trifoliata 

 Erythraea 



Centaurium 



Sabbatia angularis 



Habitat 



Europe and Asia 

 Minor 



Northern India 

 Europe and Asia 



Europe 



Eastern United 

 States and 

 Canada 



Apocynacecz or Dog Bane Family. Herbs, rarely shrubs, not infre- 

 quently clambering or climbing in habit (Allamanda). Stem and 

 branches show bicollateral bundles. Stem, leaves and flowers have 



