388 PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY 



merous; sepals five, green, gamosepalous; corolla varying in shape 

 from rotate to funnel-like with expanded mouth, in color from 

 greenish-yellow to white or through yellowish-pink to scarlet, 

 crimson, purple or blue; stamens five, often with the bases of the fila- 

 ments expanded; pistil bicarpellate; ovary two celled, superior, often 

 surrounded by a nectar girdle; style filiform with bilobed or bifid 

 stigma. Fruit usually a capsule (Exogonium, etc.), dehiscing septi- 

 fragally, rarely a berry. Seeds scantily albuminous to exalbumi- 

 nous-. 



Official drug ' Part used Botanical origin Habitat 



Jalapa Tuberous root Exogonium Purga Mexico 



Convolvulus \ Asia Minor, 



Scammoniae Radix Root ( ~ c . 



Scammonia ) Greece, Syria 



Unofficial 



Male Jalap Root > Ipomoea orizabensis Mexico 



Tampico Jalap Root Ipomoea simulans Mexico 



Wild Jalap Root Ipomoea pandurata United States 



Turpeth Root Root Operculina TurpethumEast Indies 



Hydrophyllacece or Water Leaf Family. Annual, herbaceous, 

 rarely perennial woody plants whose stems, branches, leaves and 

 sepals are often viscous and glandular hairy. Leaves alternate, 

 exstipulate, from simple linear to pinnatipartite to pinnate. Inflor- 

 escence rarely expanded, usually scorpioid cymes. Flowers small 

 to large, funnel-form in Eriodictyon calif or nicum; sepals five, green; 

 petals five, regular; corolla varying from small stellate with slightly 

 fused petals to large rotate, campanulate or tubular, in color varying 

 from greenish-white or yellow to rarely white, often pink, purple 

 or blue; stamens five, rarely with alternate staminodes; pistil bicar- 

 pellate. Fruit a two-celled capsule dehiscing usually septicidally. 



Official drug Part used Botanical origin Habitat 



Eriodictyon Leaves Eriodictyon California and 



californicum New Mexico 



Borraginacea or Borage Family. Herbaceous (Borraginea sub- 

 family) or shrubby (Heliotropes sub-family), plants forming a pri- 

 mary root and a single or often branched shoots. Leaves often 

 divisible into expanded, sometimes large basal and alternate scat- 

 tered cauline leaves. Each of these simple, exstipulate, often hairy, 



