4OO 



PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY 



elongate, tubular or irregular infundibuliform in Loniceras; stamens 

 five, inserted on tube of corolla and alternating with corolla seg- 

 ments; filaments equal or didynamous (in irregular flowers); ovary 

 inferior, rarely five- to three-celled, usually three- or frequently two- 

 celled; style terminal. Fruit a berry (Viburnum) from an inferior 

 ovary, several celled, occasionally becoming one-celled with several 

 to rarely one seed, or fruit a capsule (Diermlla, Weigelia). Seeds 

 albuminous. 



Official drug 

 Sambucus N.F. 



Viburnum 

 Prunifolium 



Part used 



Flowers 

 Bark 



Viburnum Opulus Bark 



N.F. 



Botanical origin 



Sambucus canadensis 

 Sambucus nigra 

 Viburnum . ~ 



prunifolium 

 Viburnum Lentago 

 Viburnum Opulus 



var. Americanum 



Habitat 



} United States 

 / Europe 



} Eastern and 

 central United 

 States 



United States 

 and- Canada 



VI. Order Campanulales. 



Cucurbitacea or Gourd Family. 

 Herbaceous, very often annual 

 (Colocynth, etc.), more rarely 

 perennial (Bryonia, etc.), some- 

 times shrubby plants, the peren- 

 nial and shrubby forms perennat- 

 ing by swollen roots, some of 

 which are heavy and tuberous. 

 Stems very usually grooved and 

 ridged, often provided with 

 roughened and barbed hairs. 

 Tendrils are frequently produced 

 in the axils of leaves from tendril 

 axillary buds (Pumpkin, Colo- 

 cynth, Watermelon, Cucumber, 

 Bryony, etc.). Leaves varying 

 from entire, simple, 'usually del- 

 toid to triangular through stages 



of trilobate, pentalobate, deeply palmatifid to palmatipartite to seldom 

 approaching compound (Colocynth). Venation in nearly all cases 



FIG. 233. Colocynth Portion of 

 vine and whole fruit. (Sayre.) 



