402 PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY 



yellow to yellowish-white to white or again, from yellowish-purple 

 (rarely through yellowish-pink or red) to purple to pure blue; 

 stamens five, epigynous, usually free from corolla; nectary epigy- 

 nous; pistil usually tricarpellary; ovary as many celled as number of 

 carpels and with central placenta; style single elongate; stigmas as 

 many as carpels. Fruit a capsule. Seeds albuminous. The plants 

 contain inulin. 



Lobeliacece or Lobelia Family. Herbs, with inulin and latex con- 

 tents, corresponding with Campanulacece in their vegetative parts, 

 but differing from that group by having irregular flowers (pale blue 

 in Lobelia inflata), anthers always synantherous and pistil always 

 bicarpellate with two-celled ovary and bilobed or 'bilabiate stigma. 



Official drug Part used Botanical origin Habitat 



Lobelia Leaves and Lobelia inflata United States and 



flowering tops Canada 



VII. Order Aggregatse. Valerianacece or Valerian Family. 

 Herbaceous often low succulent plants with creeping rhizomes, fre- 

 quently strongly scented and possessing stimulating properties. 

 Leaves frequently dimorphic; radical fascicled; cauline opposite; 

 petiole dilated, exstipulate. Inflorescence a raceme of dichesial or 

 scorpioid cymes. Flowers more or less irregular; calyx absent as 

 such, but represented by a series of teeth that are incurved in the 

 bud and flower and which expand later into a pappose crown and act 

 in the fruit as a pappose disseminator; corolla pentamerous, gamo- 

 petalous, varying from rotate synpetalous to irregular tubular with 

 petals diversely united, in color varying from greenish-white to 

 white or pink (Valeriana officinalis) to crimson; stamens three to 

 two or one (Valerian), epipetalous; pistil syncarpous; ovary usually 

 one-celled, inferior; style filiform with three stigmatic surfaces. 

 Fruit an akene from inferior ovary crowned by a persistent ex- 

 panded pappose calyx rudiment. Seeds anatropous, exalbuminous. 



Official drug Part used Botanical origin Habitat 



Valeriana Rhizome and Valeriana officinalis Europe and Asia 



roots 



Composite (Aster acea) or Daisy Family. Herbs, rarely shrubs or 

 trees, of annual or perennial habit, and with watery or milky juice. 



