GLOSSARY 419 



Evolu'tion. The presumable theory that all forms of living things existing today 



have been derived from others previously existing, either by direct descent 



or by common ancestry. 

 Exalbu'minous. Applied to a seed in which the nourishment is stored in the 



embryo during the growth of seed from the ovule stage. 

 Excen'tric. See Eccentric. 

 Excres'cence. A morbid outgrowth. 

 Excre'tion. Getting rid of nitrogenous waste. 

 Excur'rent. Applied to trees, the main stems of which do not disappear in 



branches but grow erect to the summit ending in a terminal bud. The 



opposite of Deliquescent. 



Exfo'liate. To shed layers of bark. To cast off layers of tissue. 

 Ex'ine. The outer wall of a pollen grain. 

 Ex'ocarp. The outer layer of the pericarp. 

 Exog'enous. Applied to the axes of Gymnosperms and Dicotyledons which 



increase materially in diameter. 

 Ex'ogens. Plants with exogenous axes. 

 Exospor'ium. The outer wall of a spore. 



Exert'ed. Applied to stamens that protrude from the throat of the corolla. 

 Exstip'ulate. Without stipules. 

 Ex'tine. The outer coat of a pollen grain. 

 Extrorse'. Applied to anthers which face outward, away from the gynrecium. 



Face. The free surface of an organ. 



FaTcate. Scythe or sickle-shaped. 



Fam'ily. A sub-division of an order. 



Farina'ceous. Starchy or mealy. 



Fas'cicle. A bundle or cluster. 



Fascic'ular. Belonging to a bundle. 



Fascic'ulate. Clustered. 



Fec'ula. The nutritive part of a cereal. 



Fer'tile. Producing fruit or reproductive organs. Applied to flowers which 



contain functionally active stamens and carpels. 

 Fertiliza'tion. That method of reproduction characterized by the union of two 



dissimilar gametes. 

 Fi'brous. Fiber-like. Referring to root systems composed of many slender 



rootlets. 

 Fibrovas'cular Bun'dle. A stringy group of fibers, vessels and cells coursing 



through the various organs of the higher plants and serving for support 



and conduction of sap. 



FiTament. The stalk of a stamen; a thread like structure. 

 Filamen'tous. Thread-like. 

 Fil'ifonn. Thread-like. 

 Fim'briated. Fringed. 



