432 PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY 



Protog'ynous. Applied to hermaphrodite flowers in which the carpels are mature 



before the stamens. 

 Prothal'lus (Prothal'lium). A thalloid body bearing antheridia and arche- 



gonia, produced by the germination of a spore of a Pteridophyte into a 



protonema which later undergoes differentiation. 

 Protone'ma. A simple or branched green filament formed by the germination 



of a spore of a moss or fern. , 



Protophlo'em. The first-formed phloem elements in a fibro vascular bundle. 

 Pro'toplasm. Living matter. 

 Pro'toplast. A term applied by Hanstein to the smallest body of protoplasm 



capable of individual action, either with or without a cell-wall, and either 



associated with other like units in a tissue or independent. 

 Protoxy'lem. The first formed elements of xylem in a fibrova scular bundle. 

 Prox'imal. Applied to the basal extremity. The attached end of an organ as 



opposed' to the free or distal end. 



Pseudo. A prefix of Greek origin indicating spurious or false. 

 Pseudo-Bulb. The fleshy bulb-like internode of an epiphytic Orchid. 

 Pseu'docarp. A fruit which represents the product of the ripening of a single 



ovary as well as one or more accessory parts. 

 Pseudoparen'chyma. A tissue consisting of the interlacing and compact 



hyphae of a fungus. 



Puber'ulent. Covered with a fine, soft hairy coating. 

 Pubes'cent. Covered with soft, short hairs. 

 Pulvi'nus. An enlargement at the base of the petiole or petiolule of some leaves 



or leaflets, as in numerous Leguminosa. 

 Punc'tate. Dotted with small spots or minute pits. 

 Pus'tular. Applied -to surfaces having blister- or pimple-like elevations. 

 Puta'men. The stony endocarp of a drupe. 

 Pyre'noids. Small, rounded, colorless, refractile granules embedded in the 



chroma tophores of numerous Algae and thought to be starch forming centers. 

 Pyx'is. A capsule which dehisces transversely ir>to pot and lid portions. 



Quad- or Quadri. A prefix of Latin origin signifying four. 



Quadran'gular. Four-angled. 



Quadrifo'liate. Applied to palmate leaves which have four leaflets arising from 



the summit of the petiole. 

 Quinquefol'iate. Applied to any compound leaf that has five leaflets. 



Raceme'. An indeterminate inflorescence having pedicelled flowers arranged 



along a lengthened axis. 

 Rac'emose. ArrangecHn racemes 

 Ra'chis. The extended portion of a peduncle. 

 Rad'ical. Arising from the root or base of the stem. 

 Rad'icle. The rudimentary root of an embryo plantlet. 



