59 



the milk of our cows may be increased and enrjched ? But 

 to obtain this improvement, calves should be raised from such 

 cows only as excel in these two particulars. 



It seems to be the best opnion, that of the different breeds 

 of live stock, those of the largest size are not the most protita- 

 ble. The breed of cattle, however, should be such as to pro- 

 duce oxen a single pair of which, at their full growth, should 

 have strength sutlicient, on proper tillage land, with well form- 

 ed ploughs, to open a furrow to the depth of live, or even of 

 six inches. As to the form of the different kinds of live stock, 

 an eminent naturalist and farmer in England has thus expres- 

 sed his opinion :— '' The more deep and capacious the chest, 

 and the shorter and lower any animal is, relative to its weight, 

 the better adapted it will be to live and fatten on little food, the 

 more labour it will go through ; and I have always found the 

 most short-legged oxen to be the best labourers." 



The foregoing rules of breedmg, and description of good live 

 stock, being the result of the experience of eminent English 

 farmers and breeders, merit the particular attention of all who 

 shall attempt to improve upon our present races of domestic ani- 

 mals; and are here introduced to furnish them with usetul in- 

 formation. And in the hope and expectation that such im] rove- 

 ments will be undertaken, the foilowmg premiums are ohered : 

 To the person who shall produce at the publx exhibition of 

 the Society, in the year 1828, any number of milch cows, not 

 less than four, of our native breeds, showing manifest imj rove- 

 ments therein, by an important increase in the quantity^ and 

 maintaining, at least, if not improving, the good quality ot mtik — 

 the latter to be tested by the quantities of butter made in the 

 six months next preceding the exhibition — 



For the best - - - - thirty dollars. 



For the next best - - - twenty-five dollars. 



For the third best - - - twenty dollars. 



For the best pair of working oxen, or well grown and well 

 trained steers, improved on the principles above stated, and ex- 

 hibited at the same time— 



For the best pair . _ , twenty dollars. 



For the second best, - - - fifteen dollars. 



For the third best, - - - ^ ten dollars. 



