The Hawthorns 



winter, making up in quantity what it lacks in size. Rare in the 

 East and North, yet it is hardy in tne Arnold Arboretum. 



V. Pruinos/^ 



Scarlet Haw (C. pruinosa, K. Koch.) — Small tree, 15 to 

 20 feet high, spreading irregular head of horizontal limbs. Thorns 

 numerous, stout, straight, i to i \ inches long. Bark grey, thin, 

 in loose scales. IVood hard, heavy, close grained. Buds small, 

 blunt, scaly. Leaves ovate or elliptical, acute, lobed and serrate, 

 except on entire base; dark blue-green, smooth, leathery, paler 

 beneath; i to ij inches long, on slender petioles; autumn colour 

 orange. Flowers, May, white, i inch broad, in few-flowered 

 corymbs, stems long smooth; stamens 20, with long, rose-coloured 

 anthers; styles 5, tufted. Fruit sub-globose, ^- to f inch in 

 diameter, with erect calyx, green with hoary bloom until ripe, 

 then purplish red and lustrous with pale dots. Nutlets 5, deeply 

 ridged, enclosed in dry, thick flesh. Preferred habitat, limestone 

 soil of slopes. Distribution, Vermont to southern slopes of Appa- 

 lachian Mountains ; west to Illinois and Missouri. Uses: Valuable 

 ornamental tree over wide territory. 



There is a pale bloom on the green fruit of this tree, which 

 wears off at length, and the skin becomes shiny and dark, purplish 

 red. The leaves, too, have a bluish green cast through the 

 summer, but turn to orange at last. This is one of the handsome 

 native thorn trees, a long time confused with C. coccinea. 



VI. Tenuifoli/^ 



Haw (C apiomorpha, Sarg.) — A pyramidal tree, 10 to 25 

 feet high, with short trunk. Thorns short, straight, slender, 

 grey, i to i^ inches long. Bark dark grey, cracking into plates 

 which show yellow under /ayer. Leaves oblong-ovate, pointed at 

 apex, serrate almost to petiole, irregularly lobed above middle, 

 thick, leathery, lustrous, blue-green, paler beneath, membrana- 

 ceous and hairy when opening, \\ to 2^ inches long, petioles 

 slender. Flowers, May, in many-flowered corymbs, with hairy 

 stems, small, white, stamens 5, anthers pink, styles 3 to 5, tufted. 

 Fruits, September, in drooping clusters of 3 to 5 ; pea size, obovate, 

 bright, red-purple; calyx large, spreading, deciduous, flesh thin. 



309 



