Wooden Paper 



is SO intelligent. They are needed when the sheet breaks, which 

 occasionally happens. Ordinarily the machine makes pulp into 

 paper in an incredibly short time, and without help or guidance. 



There seems to be no waste in this mill. The first screen- 

 ings are made into coarse wrapping paper such as hardware and 

 furniture are done up in. Though ugly and spotted, it is fairly 

 strong. The second screenings make a finer grade of paper. 

 The trimmings and broken sheets go back into the beater, and 

 come to the mill again as pulp. Each sort of waste accumulates, 

 waits its turn, and is in time converted into paper that matches 

 it in quality. 



There is ' much paper making along our northern border, 

 and much grief that there is a duty that restricts the importation 

 of wood from the ample spruce forests of Canada. The American 

 paper makers would have the duty taken off their wood sup- 

 plies and laid on Canadian paper, sulphite, etc. This is "human 

 nature" — self interest. 



The mills of northern New York are often highly specialised. 

 Paper mills all about Carthage get their sulphite and ground 

 wood from a single factory. A firm in Watertown makes exclu- 

 sively the coloured, super-calendered paper used for the covers of 

 magazines. There is a mill in Carthage which makes nothing 

 but tissue paper. It is a new mill and a growing business, but 

 its daily output already averages seventeen tons of marketable 

 product. Some of the largest mills make only wall papers. Others 

 make in vast quantities the paper on which the great dailies are 

 printed. 



Certain woods are adapted to special uses. Our postal 

 cards are all made of the soft yellowish wood of the tulip tree, 

 also known as the tulip poplar or whitewood. Cottonwoods and 

 their relatives — the true poplars — likewise the basswoods or 

 lindens, make excellent paper. Their wood is white and soft 

 and the fibres are small and uniform in size. 



A pulp mill or paper plant cannot be shifted from place to 

 place as a sawmill can. It is too elaborate and expensive. The 

 forests about it are soon stripped of suitable material, and then 

 the item of transportation of wood enters the expense account, 

 and adds greatly to the cost of pulp and paper. A Fond du Lac, 

 Wisconsin, mill, having exhausted its own woods, is now making 

 pulp out of spruce that grows on the mountains of Virginia. 



548 



