CHAPTER VII 



THE CAEE OF TREES ,.....,.. 114-123 



Improving soil conditions — the need of humus in the soil 

 — fertilizers for trees — cultivation — pruning shade trees — 

 how to cut off a limb — time to prune — pruning tools — 

 taking care of the wounds. 



CHAPTER VIII 



COMMON INJURIES TO SHADE TREES 124-145 



Sources of injury — injuries caused by gas and smoke — 

 injuries from overhead wires — injuries from regrading 

 streets — injuries from improper pruning — injuries from 

 horse bites and careless driving — injuries from wind and 

 ice — injuries from improper soil conditions — renovation 

 of trees — the natural age limit — tree surgery — dehorning 

 trees — taking care of recent injuries — filling cavities — 

 bolting and chaining. 



CHAPTER IX 



THE CONTROL OF PARASITES 146-173 



Fungus troubles — insect troubles — how insects injure trees 

 — methods of combating insects — spraying for insects — 

 hand-picking of insects — banding and trapping — pre- 

 ventive measures — natural enemies of insects — some com- 

 mon shade tree insects — leaf-eating insects — bag worm^ 

 brown-tail moth, canker worm, elm-leaf beetle, gypsy 

 moth, slugs, spiney elm caterpillar, tent caterpillar and 

 fall webworm, tussock moth — sucking-insects — aphis or 

 plant louse, spruce gall louse — scale insects — borers. 



CHAPTER X 



INSECTICIDES, FUNGICIDES AND SPRAYING . . . 174-182 

 Insecticides — stomach poisons — contact insecticides — 

 fungicides — spraying — spraying machinery. 



