PLANTING AND CARE OF TREES 153 



The twine used for the purpose should pass around the lower border 

 of the batting so that the upper border may be turned down, form- 

 ing an umbrella-like barrier. 



The most satisfactory band is one made of sticky material like 

 "Tree Tanglefoot," a commercial preparation, which may be ob- 

 tained for about thirty cents per pound. After smoothing off the 

 bark it may be applied directly to the tree. Young, thin-barked 

 trees may be injured by direct contact and for this reason the 

 "Tanglefoot" may be applied to a strip of tarred roofing paper, 

 which may be attached to the tree. For ornamental trees it is usually 

 advisable to use the roofing paper, for this may be removed after 

 the trapping season is over. Where the bark is rough a narrow 

 strip of cotton batting may be placed beneath the paper to pre- 

 vent the insects from crawling beneath. (See fig. 75). Where 

 it is desirable to leave these bands on for more than one 

 season they should be recoated. Where the paper is tacked only at 

 the lap it will stretch sufficiently to accommodate at least one 

 year's growth. Bands put on in this way have been successfully 

 used for three or four seasons. 



Night-flying moths are often trapped around electric lights. 

 Some insects, like the leopard moth, are hard to destroy in any 

 other way. The simplest way is to suspend beneath the light a 

 shallow vessel containing water with a layer of oil on the surface. 

 The moths are attracted to the light and accidentally drop in the 

 liquid and are killed. 



Preve?itive Measures — The careful selection of species for 

 planting is undoubtedly the best way of handling the insect prob- 

 lem' with respect to shade trees. Some trees are remarkably free 

 from insect troubles, but none are absolutely immune. The spe- 

 cies in the following list of commonly planted trees are arranged in 

 order of least susceptibly to insect attack: Ailanthus, Ginkgo, 

 Sweet Gum, Basswood, Tulip Tree, Carolina Poplar, Horse-chest- 

 nut, Sycamore, Hackberr}^, the Oaks, the Maples, the Elms, the 

 Locusts. The least susceptible species, of course, are not always the 

 most desirable for planting, for they may not possess the other 

 qualifications of a good shade tree. 



Since a large proportion of the shade trees in use belong to sus- 

 ceptible species, the recommendation concerning the selection of 

 species applies only to new plantations. Much may be done in 



