178 TEEES IN WINTER 



sprayers going around the country soliciting contracts for this 

 kind of work. Most of them are reliable^ yet there are some who 

 do not know the first principles of spraying and who have not 

 the proper equipment for the kind of work they undertake. When 

 reliable people may be engaged to do the work at the proper time, 

 it often would be advisable for the property-holder to have his 

 spraying done by contract. The property-holder, even though he 

 should not do his own spraying, should know something about the 

 subject so that he may know whether his work is being properly 

 done. 



AVhen spraying with arsenate of lead for the control of insects- 

 that chew their food, the spray should be applied until it commences 

 to drip from the foliage. Even though the foliage is not completely 

 covered, the insects, if they continue to eat, are sure to find some 

 poison. In the spraying for sucking-insects, on the other hand, 

 greater care must be exercised, for the spray actually must touch 

 the insect. In the application of fungicides, also, the whole 

 surface of the leaves must be covered to prevent the access of the 

 disease spores. 



It is always desirable to spray with the wind. To do this it 

 is necessary to make a second application after the direction of 

 the wind has changed. With nozzles that make a fine spray, 

 it is impossible to spray against even the lightest breeze. It 

 sometimes happens that the work must be finished at one time 

 and it is possible to do so by selecting a still day and by using a 

 nozzle of the Bordeaux type that will produce a coarse spray. A 

 coarse spray will carry farther, but is more wasteful of material. 



Spraying Machinery — For the private owner who has only a 

 few trees to spray, a barrel outfit operated by hand and costing 

 about twenty to twenty-five dollars, will answer the purpose. By 

 the use of extension ladders, extension rods, and long leads of 

 hose, it is possible to spray the tallest trees. Barrel outfits 

 mounted on two-wheel trucks may be purchased at a small addi- 

 tional cost and are very handy on small places. The small bucket 

 and knap-sack outfits are useful for bushes and young trees, but 

 are unsuited to spraying mature trees. 



On large estates a power outfit of some kind will be found 

 very useful. When fine nozzles are used, a three horse-power 

 gasoline outfit may supply as many as six leads of hose. Such an 



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