IDENTIFICATION OF TREES. 205 



117. Nut 20-35 mm. long-; buds 4-10 mm. long; bark thick, furrowed, 

 not flaky CheMtuut Oak (Quercus PrinusJ p.SlO 



117. Nut 15-20 mm. long; buds 3-6 mm. long-; bark thin, flaky 



Chinquapiu Oak (Quercus MuJilenbergiiJ p.300 



118. Twigs slender, generally not over 2 mm. thick; shrubs 



Dwarf Chinquapin Oak (Quercus prinoides) p.308 



118. Twigs relatively stout, generally over 2 mm. thick; trees 119 



119. Twigs, at least in part, covered with very fine close olive-green 

 down; buds, generally nearly hemispherical, about as broad as 

 long; scales of cup only slightly knobby, apex of nut generally 

 downy Post Oak (Quercus stellata) p.SOO 



119. Twigs smooth; buds distinctly longer than broad, broadly ovate; 

 scales of cup thick-knobby at base, apex of nut generally smooth. 

 AViiite Oak (Quercus albaj p.298 



Key to Oaks without fruit. 



NOTE. (W) after name indicates that the tree belongs to the White 

 Oak Group. 

 (B) after name indicates that the tree belongs to the Black 

 Oak Group. 

 Immature acorns therefore may often be found on winter twigs of 

 species marked with (B) but not on those marked with (W). 



120. Buds large, those at tip of twig 4.5 mm. or more long 121 



120. Buds smaller, less than 4.5 mm. long 128 



121. Bark of trunk flaky 122 



121. Bark of trunk not flaky 125 



122. Lateral buds generally appressed, buds downy; older twigs often 

 with corky ridges Bur Oak (W) (Querciis macrocarpa) p.302 



122. Lateral buds divergent, buds smooth; twigs without corky ridges 

 123 



123. Buds narrow conical, pointed 



Chinquapin Oak (W) (Qxiercus MuhlenbergiiJ p.30(> 



123. Buds shorter, blunt 124 



124. Twigs at least in part covered with very fine close orange-brown 

 down Post Oak (W) (Quercus stellata) p.300 



124. Twigs smooth White Oak (W) (Quercus alba) p.29S 



125. Surface of buds pale-woolly 126 



125. Surface of buds not woolly 128 



126. Inner bark of trunk orange-yellow; twigs bitter, coloring saliva 

 yellow when chewed; whole surface of bud woolly; buds large, 

 ovate-conical Black Oak (B) (Quercus velutina) p.31S 



126. Inner bark of trunk not yellow; twigs neither bitter nor coloring 

 saliva when chewed; not more than upper half of bud woolly 127 



127. Buds sharp-pointed; ovate, the widest part about i/4-% above base; 



slightly or not at all woolly toward apex 



Red Oak (B) (Quercus rubra) p.312 



127. Buds blunt-pointed; oval-ovate, the widest part at or slightly below 



middle; distinctly woolly above middle 



Scarlet Oak (B) (Quercus coccinea) p.316 



128. Fissures of bark separated by long fiat ridges; buds ovate, more 



or less constricted at base; twigs not bitter 



Red Oak (B) (Quercus rubra) p.312 



128. Fissures of bark separated by long rounded ridges; buds narrower, 

 conical, seldom constricted at base; twigs more or less bitter when 

 chewed Chestnut Oak (W) (Quercus Prinus) p.310 



129. Buds narrow, conical 1-^0 



129. Buds short, blunt 133 



130. Bark of trunk flaky 131 



130. Bark of trunk not flaky 132 



