IDENTIFICATION- OF TREES. 207 



141. Buds about as broad as long-, more or less flattened and appressed, 

 generally under 4 mm. long; bud-scales reddish brown without 

 darker margins AVhIte Mulberry (Morns alba) p.334 



141. Buds longer than broad, not at all or but slightly flattened, diver- 

 gent, generally over 5 mm. long; bud-scales greenish brown with 

 darker margins Red 3Iulberry (Morus rubra) p.332 



THE MAGNOLIAS 

 Magnolia. 



Terminal bud much larger than lateral buds; bud-scales valvate, 

 united in pairs to form a cap, corresponding to stipules, each pair 

 enclosing in succession an erect folded leaf connected with the next 

 inner pair of scales; the unmatured leaf which belongs to the outer pair 

 of stipular scales falling off in autumn and leaving a scar on side 

 of bud with a decurrent ridge below, representing its leaf stalk; 

 stipule-scar narrow, encircling the twig; leaf-scars alternate, more 

 than 2-ranked, broad, oval to narrow crescent-shaped, bundle-scais 

 numerous, irregularly scattered or in a double row; twigs aromatic; 

 fruit a cone made up of numerous follicles which split open in the 

 autumn and let out the large flattish seeds. 



142. Buds large 25-50 mm. long; twigs stout; leaf-scars large .... 148 



142. Buds small 10-20 mm. long; twigs slender; leaf-scars small . . . 144 



143. Buds densely pale-downy; twigs light yellowish to bluish-green, 

 more or less downy, fruit nearly spherical. Larg-e-leaved Mag:nolia. 



Large-leaved Cucumber Tree, Large-leaved Umbrella Tree .' 



(Magnolia macrophylla Michx. ) under Comparisons i).336 



143. Buds smooth; twigs brown; fruit elongated 



Umbrella Tree (Magnolia tripetala) p.338 



144. Twigs brown; leaf-scars narrow, crescent to U-shaped; buds blunt, 

 densely downy; bark flaky; a tree; in New England found only 

 in cultivation Cucumber Tree (Magnolia acuminata) p.336 



144. Twigs and buds bright green; leaf-scars oval to broadly crescent- 

 shaped; buds pointed, with long, silky hairs, often nearly smooth; 

 pith with more or less distinct transverse woody partitions in the 

 ground mass; bark smooth; in New England usually a shrub, 

 growing wild in deep swamps in Eastern Massachusetts, also 

 extensively cultivated. Sweet Bay, Swamp Bay, Laurel Magnolia, 



Beaver Tree. (Magnolia virginiana L. ; M, glauca L. ) 



under Comparisons p.336 



THE CHERRIES, PLUMS AND PEACH 

 Prunus. 



Leaf-scars alternate, more than 2-ranked; bundle-scars 3; stipule-scars 

 present, inconspicuous, or absent; buds with scales overlapping in sev- 

 eral rows; terminal bud present or absent; fruit a drupe. 



145. Terminal bud present 146 



145. Terminal bud absent. (Plums) 151 



146. Twigs densely speckled with very minute pale dots, brightly 

 colored, generally green-yellow below and more or less reddish 

 above and highly polished; buds geneially densely downy at least 



toward apex; collateral buds usually present. 



Peach (Prtmus Persica) p.378 



146. Twigs not densely speckled with very minute dots; buds not 

 densely downy; collateral buds absent (occasionallv present in 

 Wild Red Cherry) 147 



147. Buds clustered at tips of all shoots; twigs under 2 mm. thick. 

 AVIlil Red Cherry (Prunus pennsylvanica) p.366 



147. Buds not clustered, or clustered only on short fruit spurs; twigs 

 generally over 2.5 mm. thick 148 



148. Short stout slow-growing fruit spurs present with buds clustered 

 at their tips; European species 149 



148. Short fruit spurs absent; native species 150 



