IDENTIFICATION OF TREES. 209 



160. Buds and twigs more slender, both buds and twigs (at least toward 



tip) white-downy, white lines absent from bark 



Mountain Maple (Acer spicatum) p.400 



161. Buds brown, narrow, sharp-pointed, generally 4-8 pairs of closely 



over-lapping scales visible, collateral buds absent 



Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum p.402 



161. Buds red or green, broader, blunt-pointed, fewer scales visible 162 



162. Terminal buds small, red, generally under 5 mm. long and not 

 distinctly larger than lateral buds; collateral buds generally 

 present; pith often pink; native trees 163 



162. Terminal buds large, stout, generally over 5 mm. long and gener- 

 ally distinctly larger than lateral buds; collateral buds never 

 present; European trees 164 



163. Broken twigs with rank odor, bark falling away in large, thin 

 flakes on old trees, branchlets strongly tending to grow down- 

 ward and curve upward at their tips 



Silver Maple (Acer saccharinum) p.404 



163. Broken twigs without rank odor, bark rough on old trees but gen- 

 erally not flaking in large thin scales, branchlets less markedly 

 curved Red Maple (Acer rubrum) p.406 



164. Buds red, inner scales covered with rusty wool; adjacent edges of 

 leaf-scars meeting and forming a slight projection; bark close- 

 ridged, not flaky Norway Maple (Acer platanoides) p.40S 



164. Buds green, inner scales white-woolly, edges of leaf-scars not 



meeting; bark flaking off in squarish scales 



Syeamore Maple (Acer Pseudo-PlatanusJ p.410 



THE ASHES 

 Fraxinus. 



Leaf-scars opposite, large, conspicuous; bundle-scars numerous, 

 minute, forming a curved line often more or less confluent; buds stout, 

 scurfy, brown or black with ovate bud-scales opposite in pairs; twigs 

 stout and brittle; fruit winged. 



165. Leaf-scars deeply concave on upper margin 



White Ash (Fraxinus americana) p.422 



165. Leaf-scars not deeply concave on upper margin, semicircular to 

 shield-shaped 166 



166. Bark soft-scaly; buds generally black; last pair of leaf-scars 

 generally some distance below end of twig giving a stalked-like 



appearance to the terminal bud 



Blaek Ash (Fraxinus nigra) p.426 



166. Bark ridged, not soft-scaly 167 



167,' Buds black; trees found only in cultivation 



European Ash (Fraxinus excelsior) under Comparisons p.424 



167. Buds dark brown; trees native 168 



168. Twigs downy Red Ash (Fraxinun pennsylvanica) p.424 



168. Twigs smoeth. Green Ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica, var. lanceolata) 



under Comparisons p.424 



