THE PINES 221 



control and here a great object lesson in rational methods 

 of forest maintenance is being given. The pineries of 

 the future depend upon the success of methods there em- 

 ployed. 



The uses of pines are not all counted in terms of the 

 lumberman. There are pines for every situation, soil, and 

 climate. On low seaboard plains they come down to the 

 highwater mark. They wade into inundated swamps and 

 dimb to the timber line on arid, rocky mountainsides. 

 The bravest species go out into the desert. Almost as 

 brave are those which survive the smoke and dust of cities 

 like Pittsburg and St. Louis, though theirs is a losing fight 

 with sulphurous fumes and cramped root space in the 

 smoky town. As shelter belts, as windbreaks, as shade 

 and ornamental trees, there are pines in cultivation in all 

 parts of the country, their winter usefulness and beauty 

 making them universally the choice of home-makers, rich 

 and poor. 



By-products of pine wood are chiefly turpentine, pitch, 

 resin, and oil, derived from the resinous sap. "Naval 

 stores" these products are called, for their consumption is 

 greatest in shipyards. Turpentine is extensively used in 

 the arts and industries. If the Southern pine forests are 

 allowed to dwindle, the deficit in lumber will not affect 

 world commerce as disastrously as the cutting oil of the 

 naval stores production. 



The lumberman's division of the pines is a convenient 

 one. "Soft pines" have soft, light wood, not heavily im- 

 pregnated with resin. It is tlie delight of wood-workers. 

 "Hard pines" have heavy, dark-colored wood, full of resin, 

 which is a nuisance to the carpenter, because it "gums up" 

 his tools. The one little sign enables us to distinguish 



