96 



PLANT BIOLOGY 



grains, and nuts, in which the walls are 

 dry at maturity, are called dry fruits. 

 Those in which the walls are pulpy 

 throughout, as in the tomato, are termed 

 fleshy fruits; and those 

 which are partly fleshy 

 andpartly stone-like, as 



FIG. 42. Straw- 

 berry. (Bailey.) 



are called stone fruits. 

 Another scheme for classifying fruits is 



based upon the fact that some fruits break 



open when ripe and scatter their seeds, 

 while others remain 

 closed. Examples of 

 fruits of the first kind 

 are the bean, milkweed, and pansy, and 

 of those that remain closed are cherries, 

 apples, and grains. Whether or not a fruit 

 breaks open at maturity depends upon 

 the character of the ovary wall, and this 

 in turn determines, as we shall now see, 

 the method by which its seeds are dis- 

 persed. 



FIG. 43. Pea pod. 

 (Bailey.) 



106.. Home work on fruits. Laboratory 

 Study No. 50. (Optional.) 

 Classify the fruits with which you are familiar in a table like 

 the following : 



