PARAMECIUM AND ITS RELATIVES 165 



place a cover glass on top. Examine first with 

 the low power of the microscope and then with 

 the high power. Make a sketch two or three 

 inches long to show the following : 



1. The general shape of one of the paramecia. 



2. A fringe of slender hairlike projections around the 



outer surface. They are called cilia (singular 

 cilium, from Latin, meaning a hair). The 

 cilia are projections of the protoplasm of the 

 cell. They project from the upper and lower 

 surface also, but they cannot be seen readily. 



3. A more deeply stained portion of the protoplasm near 



the center, the nucleus (Fig. 118). The rest 

 of the cell is the cell body. 



4. Particles of matter, food particles scattered through 



the body of the cell. 



5. Label: cilia, nucleus, food particles, cell body. 



C. Food getting. 



To the drop of water containing the living 

 paramecia add a little finely powdered carmine, 

 and on the drop place a cover glass. 



1. Tell what was done. 



2. Throw all the light you can on the paramecia by 



means of the mirror and use the larger openings 

 in the diaphragm. What evidence have you 

 that the paramecia are feeding on the carmine ? 

 Sometimes it is necessary to leave the paramecia 

 for twenty-four hours before they feed. 



3. Watch the paramecia swimming through the particles 



of carmine. What evidence have you that the 

 cilia are in motion ? 



4. The paramecium has a furrow on one side of its body, 



and from the furrow a tubular passage or gullet 

 leads into the protoplasm. Both the furrow 

 and the gullet are lined with cilia. 



a. If you are able to see either the furrow or the 



gullet, describe them. 



b. In what direction must the cilia in the furrow and 



