194 APPENDIX IV 



and reproductive functions of plants. Pupils might either copy 

 the whole outline into their note-books, supplying the words repre- 

 sented by the figures, or make a list of the words, numbering them 

 to correspond to the figures below. 



NUTRITION IN GREEN PLANTS THAT PRODUCE SEEDS 



Soil- water, in which are dissolved compounds that contain nitro- 

 gen and other mineral matters needed by the plant, is absorbed by 

 (1) which are (2) found (3) of roots. The process by which this soil- 

 water enters is called (4). In the root-hair the membrane is the (5). 

 More liquid enters the root-hair than passes out, because (6). The 

 substances admitted in the soil-water are regulated by the action of 

 the (7) in the cell, through which the liquid must pass. The cell- 

 sap passes from one cell of the root to the next, until it reaches 

 thick-walled tubular cells called (8), which form part of the (9) of 

 the root, stem, and leaf. The liquid passes up through these un- 

 til it reaches spaces between the thin-walled leaf-cells, and finally 

 the sap gets into these cells. 



A gas called (10) is taken in through epidermis cells of the leaf, and 

 through openings called (11) between certain cells of the epidermis 

 that are known as (12). In the soft cells of the inside of the leaf 

 are tiny masses of protoplasm which contain a green coloring matter 

 called (13). These green masses of protoplasm are called (14). 

 They can manufacture starch out of the (15) and the (16) in the 

 presence of (17). The elements in C0 2 and H 2 0, however, are not 

 in quite the right proportions, so (18) is given off as a waste product. 

 The soil-water is such a weak solution of mineral matter that not all 

 the water can be used by the plant, so this water that is not needed 

 is given off by a process called (19). The amount of water thus given 

 off is regulated by the action of the (20) that surround each (21). 



During the night the starch is changed to (22) by a process known 

 as (23). This liquid food then passes down through the (24) of 

 the veins and bast or fibrous bark to places that serve for storage 

 or to growing regions where it is used to make a substance for cell- 

 wall building known as (25). Some of the sugar is made by the pro- 



