64 INSECTS. 



insects and other animals is more or less dependent on 

 red clover. The bumblebee is an animal 011 which the 

 life of red clover is more or less dependent. The bumble- 

 bee gives value received for all the nectar and pollen it 

 takes from the clover. 



Clover must produce seed, or soon die out. The flower 

 must be fertilized in order to produce seed. The floAver 

 can be fertilized only by means of pollen carried to its 

 pistil from the anthers of another flower. The bumble- 

 bee is the carrier of the pollen. Its rough-and-tumble 

 manner of feeding is well adapted to dislodging the pol- 

 len, much of which falls on its body, and is scattered over 

 the flowers next visited, securing their fertilization. Thus 

 the insect's wasteful method of gathering the pollen is seen 

 to be exactly adapted to the requirements of the plant. 



Spray a bumblebee with water, and note the effect on 

 its power of flight. What becomes of one when caught 

 out in a shower? 



Compare a bumblebee with a butterfly in : 



1. Speed and directness of flight. 



2. Relative size of body and wings. 



3. Rapidity of wing strokes. 



Catch a bumblebee in a net, and observe that the pitch 

 of its humming when captive is higher by several tones 

 than when free. Why? Collect with net and cyanide 

 bottle a few large specimens for use in studying its 

 anatomy. 



External Anatomy of the Adult. Study carefully to 

 make out the parts, as mentioned already for other insects. 

 The same parts are present, and in the same relative *posi- 

 tions, but modified to meet the needs of an animal of dif- 

 ferent life and different habits. 



I. The Head. Make a drawing of the head as seen 

 from above, showing accurately eyes, ocelli, and antennae. 



