THE ENGLISH SPARROW. 235 



In part separated from the ilium by a large oval or oblong 

 {ilio-*ciatic) foramen. 



8. The pubis forms part of the lower wall of the ace- 

 tabulum, and extends thence obliquely downward and 

 backward. It is in part separated from the ischium by a 

 small, round (obturator) foramen. 



VII. Leg Bones. Study the bones of the leg. 



1. The femur is the single bone of the thigh. 



2. The tibia is the large bone of the shank ; the fibula 

 is the slender bone extending halfway down the outer side 

 of the tibia. The proximal tarsal bones are fused with 

 the distal end of the tibia, leaving the ankle joint, not 

 between tibia and tarsal bones, but between the first and 

 second series of tarsal bones. 



3. The tarsal bones of the second series are fused with 

 the metatarsal bones, to form the single bone which we 

 have already designated as the tarsus (more strictly, the 

 tarso-metatarsus) . 



At the distal end of the tarsus are the four toes. The 

 hind toe is the first digit ; the others are numbered second, 

 third, and fourth, away from the median plane of the body. 

 How many phalanges are there in each digit? 



The Brain. Study the external features of the brain. 

 On the dorsal surface, note the parts seen, proceeding 

 from the front, as follows : 



1. A pair of small, conical, olfactory lobes, at the ante- 

 rior end. 



2. A pair of large, smooth, pear-shaped cerebral hemi- 

 spheres, meeting on the median plane. 



3. A small, median, pineal body, immediately behind the 

 hemispheres, and in the angle between them. 



4. A pair of smooth, ovoid, optic lobes, behind and below 

 the hemispheres. 



5. A median, oval cerebellum, transversely furrowed, 



