286 APPENDIX. 



XII. How to inject a Sparrow. After anaesthetizing the sparrow 

 with chloroform, the heart stops very quickly, and rapid work will be 

 necessary to find it still beating when the body cavity is opened. It 

 should be beating when the tip of the ventricles is cut off, in order 

 that as much blood as possible may be removed preparatory to a good 

 injection of the arterial system. The topography of the skeleton 

 should be first studied as a guide to removal of the ventral wall of the 

 thorax. 



As soon as the sparrow is quiet, make a transverse cut through the 

 abdominal wall behind the sternum, and a longitudinal cut along each 

 side of the thorax through the sternal ribs and coracoid. Raise the 

 sternum, open the pericardium, and snip off the apex of the ventricles 

 with sharp scissors. Sop up and remove the blood with a moist sponge. 

 Insert a small cannula through the right ventricle into the base of 

 the pulmonary artery, ligature, and inject. Insert a larger cannula 

 through the left ventricle into the base of the aorta, ligature around 

 the ventricle, and inject. 



XIII. How to inject the Rabbit. Both arteries and veins should be 

 injected in the rabbit, but with different colors. Red for arteries, and 

 blue for veins, are most commonly used. 



The more quickly the blood vessels are opened after administering 

 chloroform, the better in general will be the results. As soon as the 

 animal is quiet, plunge one blade of a pair of stout, sharp-pointed 

 scissors through the abdominal wall in the wide ventral notch between 

 the ribs. Push the blade forward for two inches, keeping the point of 

 it close under the ribs, and then bring the blades together, making a 

 median ventral cut through the sternum. Draw apart the edges of the 

 cut, slit open the pericardium, and snip off the apex of the ventricles, 

 and make a slit in each of the auricles. Continue the ventral cut 

 posteriorly for two inches along the abdomen. Turn the liver for- 

 ward, and slit open the portal vein where it enters the posterior border 

 of the liver. 



Cut away the posterior part of the ventral wall of the thorax, 

 and by liberal use of a moistened sponge assist the escape of the 

 blood. 



1. The Arteries. Inject the pulmonary arteries by passing a small 

 cannula through the right ventricle into their base. Inject the remain- 

 ing arteries through a larger cannula passed through the left ventricle 

 into the base of the aorta. 



2. The Veins. Using another color, inject the pulmonary veins by 

 a small cannula passed through the left auricle into their base. In- 

 ject the three cavse with a larger cannula passed through the right 



