38 GEOLOGICAL REPORT. 



opening is large, the sheet of mineral runs through the middle, 

 the space on each side being filled with clay and crystals of cal- 

 careous spar. 



There are several diggings at this place on the west side, on 

 White's and Conovy's land, at some of which numerous shafts 

 have been sunk, from ten to forty feet, and some drifting done. 

 The more important are, Old Diggings, Burnine's, Lunday's, 

 Howard's, Harker's, and Thorp's Diggings. On the eastern 

 side of the run, on Mr. Chenault's land, several openings have 

 been made. 



Of the mineral raised at these mines previous to 1854, 270,- 

 000 pounds were sold to Harklerode's furnace, 99,074 pounds 

 to Moseley & Co.'s furnace, besides what had been smelted at 

 other places and that still remaining at the mines. I have 

 no statistics showing the amount raised since, but there is no 

 reason to doubt that systematic mining in this locality would 

 be very successful. 



Late operations at Reeder, Clinton, and Orchard's Diggings ; 

 at Shrewsbury, Orchard & Brother's Diggings ; and at Shilling 

 & Co.'s Diggings, have proved very profitable. 



Turkey Creek Mines. No facts have come to light to dimin- 

 ish our confidence in the value of the lead deposits in this 

 locality. 



I have nothing new to add respecting Moseley 8f Co.'s Mines, 

 and Olivers Prairie Mines. These works have been discon- 

 tinued, not however for want of a good prospect of mineral. 



Mineral Point Mines. Late operations at these mines fully 

 sustain the high opinion formed of them in 1854. The follow- 

 ing description gives the condition of these mines at that time : 



At Mineral Point are several diggings. Harklerode's, so far 

 as I could judge from the miners and the minerals thrown out 

 (for the shaft was full of water) , gives great promise of a fine 

 yield. There are two lodes or sheets of mineral lying nearly 

 horizontal in the Carboniferous Limestone. The upper one is 

 made up of galena and carbonate of lead, and chert and clay, 

 mingled together and cemented, and is about one foot thick. 

 The lower is pure galena, from twelve to eighteen inches thick. 

 These lodes have been explored but a short distance. 



